鏀跨瓥娉曡(gu墨)
棣栭爜 >> 璩�(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒� >> 鍦嬪娉曡(gu墨)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄩ�氱敤瑕佹眰
鍓� 瑷�
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勭法鍒朵富瑕佸弮鑰冧簡ISO15190:2003(E)銆婇啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�—瀹夊叏瑕佹眰銆嬪拰WHO銆婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐娿��[绗簩鐗�(淇▊鐗�),2003].鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鑸�ISO15190:2003(E)涓嶅悓鐨勬槸,锛屾湰妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓嶅儏浣跨敤浜庨啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹わ紝鑰屼笖閬╃敤浜庨��(j矛n)琛岀敓鐗╁洜瀛愭搷浣滅殑鍚勯瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹わ紱姝ゅ,锛屽鍔犱簡灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄧ殑瑕佹眰,銆�鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍚哥磵浜�WHO銆婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐娿�嬩腑閫�(j矛n)琛岄珮鍗卞鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙鎿嶄綔瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�,锛屼絾鑰冩叜鍒版垜鍦嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄧ鐞嗙殑鏁撮珨鐙�娉�,锛屽寮�(qi谩ng)浜嗗皪瑭查瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鏂界殑瑕佹眰,锛屼互纰轰繚瀹夊叏,銆�
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐢变腑鑿汉姘戝叡鍜屽湅绉戝(xu茅)鎶�琛�(sh霉)閮ㄥ拰鍦嬪瑾�(r猫n)璀夎獚(r猫n)鍙洠(ji膩n)鐫ｇ鐞嗗鍝℃渻鎻愬嚭,銆�
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐢卞叏鍦嬭獚(r猫n)璀夎獚(r猫n)鍙(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍖栨妧琛�(sh霉)濮斿摗鏈冩鍙ｃ��
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅)璧疯崏鍠綅锛氫腑鍦嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ湅瀹惰獚(r猫n)鍙鍝℃渻,銆�
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍙冨姞璧疯崏鍠綅锛氫腑鍦嬭粛浜嬮啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)绉戝(xu茅)闄� ,銆佷腑鍦嬬柧鐥呴爯(y霉)闃叉帶鍒朵腑蹇冦�佸寳浜粛鍗�(q奴)绺介啱(y墨)闄�,銆佸唬鏉卞嚭鍏ュ妾㈤(y脿n)妾㈢柅灞�,銆佷腑鑿汉姘戝叡鍜屽湅杈�(n贸ng)妤�(y猫)閮ㄥ叏鍦嬬暅鐗х嵏閱�(y墨)绺界珯銆�
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)涓昏璧疯崏浜猴細杌婇吵绁�,銆佹潕鍕佹澗,銆佺帇绉嬪ǎ,銆佸憘浜�佷綍閻垫槬,銆佹灄蹇楅泟,銆佺敯鍏嬫伃銆佺繜鍩硅粛,銆佷綍鍏嗗亯,銆�
1 鑼冨湇
鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫簡瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄧ鐞嗗拰瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑寤鸿ō(sh猫)鍘熷墖锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆),锛岄倓瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫簡鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鍒嗙礆,銆佸(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鏂借ō(sh猫)鍌欑殑閰嶇疆銆佸��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)鍜屽(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ鐐虹殑瑕佹眰,銆傛湰妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐐烘渶浣庤姹�,锛屾椤炲(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら倓鎳�(y墨ng)鍚屾檪(sh铆)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鍏朵粬鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑瑕佹眰銆�
涓嬪垪琛�(sh霉)瑾炲拰瀹氱京閬╃敤浜庢湰妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n),銆�
2.琛�(sh霉)瑾炶垏瀹氱京
2.1 鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙 biological agents
涓�鍒囧井鐢熺墿鍜岀敓鐗╂椿鎬х墿璩�(zh矛),銆�
2.2 鐥呭師楂� pathogens
鍙娇浜恒�佸嫊鐗╁拰妞嶇墿鑷寸梾鐨勭敓鐗╁洜瀛�,銆�
2.3 鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗� hazardous waste
鏈夋經鍦ㄧ敓鐗╁嵄闅�(xi菐n)鍙噧鏄撶噧鑵愯潟鏈夋瘨鏀惧皠鍜岃捣鐮村浣滅敤鐨勫皪浜虹挵(hu谩n)澧冩湁瀹崇殑涓�鍒囧虎妫勭墿,銆�
2.4 鍗卞 risk
鍌峰鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑姒傜巼鍙婂叾鍤�(y谩n)閲嶆�х殑缍滃悎銆�
2.5 姘ｆ憾鑶� aerosols
鎳告诞浜庢埃楂斾粙璩�(zh矛)涓殑绮掑緫涓�鑸偤0.001寰背~100寰背鐨勫浐鎱�(t脿i)鎴栨恫鎱�(t脿i)寰皬绮掑瓙褰㈡垚鐨勭浉灏嶇┅(w臎n)瀹氱殑鍒嗘暎楂旂郴,銆�
2.6 鐢熺墿瀹夊叏 biosafety
閬垮厤鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙閫犳垚瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や汉鍝℃毚闇�,锛屽悜?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ゅ鎿�(ku貌)鏁ｅ苟灏�(d菐o)鑷村嵄瀹崇殑缍滃悎鎺柦銆�
2.7 楂樻晥绌烘埃閬庢烤鍣� high efficiency particulate air filter(HEPA)
閫氬父浠ユ烤闄ゅぇ浜庣瓑浜�0.3寰背寰矑鐐虹洰鐨�,锛屾烤闄ゆ晥鐜囩鍚堢浉闂�(gu膩n)瑕佹眰鐨勯亷婵惧櫒,銆�
2.8 瀹夊叏缃� safety hood
缃簬瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滆嚭鎴栧剙鍣ㄨō(sh猫)鍌欎笂鐨�璨�(f霉)澹撴帓棰�(f膿ng)缃�,浠ユ笡灏戝(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滆�呯殑鏆撮湶鍗遍毆(xi菐n)銆�
2.9 鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌� biological safety cabinet(BSC)
璨�(f霉)澹撻亷婵炬帓棰�(f膿ng)鏌�,銆傞槻姝㈡搷浣滆�呭拰鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩毚闇蹭簬瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)閬庣▼涓敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鐢熺墿姘ｆ憾鑶�,銆�
2.10 鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷 personal protective equipment(PPE)
鐢ㄩ槻姝汉鍝″彈鍒板寲瀛�(xu茅)鍜岀敓鐗╃瓑鏈夊鍥犲瓙鍌峰鐨勭殑鍣ㄦ潗鍜岀敤鍝併�� 2.11 瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ垎鍗�(q奴) laboratory area
鎸夌収鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙姹℃煋姒傜巼鐨勫ぇ灏�,锛屽(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ彲浠ラ��(j矛n)琛屽悎鐞嗗垎鍗�(q奴),銆�
2.12 绶╂矕闁� buffer room
瑷�(sh猫)缃湪娓呮綌鍗�(q奴)鍗婃薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鐩歌嚚鍏╁崁(q奴)涔嬮枔鐨勭珐娌栧瘑闁夊锛屽叿鏈夐�氶ⅷ(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng),锛屽叾鍏╁��(g猫)闁�鍏锋湁浜掗帠鍔熻兘锛屼笖涓嶈兘鍚屾檪(sh铆)铏曚簬闁嬪暉鐙�鎱�(t脿i),銆�
2.13 姘ｉ帠 air lock
姘ｅ鍙互瑾�(di脿o)绡�(ji茅)鐨勬埃瀵嗗,锛岀敤浜庤伅(li谩n)绲�(ji茅)姘ｅ涓嶅悓鐨勫叐鍊�(g猫)鐩搁劙鍗�(q奴)鍩燂紝鍏跺叐鍊�(g猫)闁�鍏锋湁浜掗帠鍔熻兘,锛屼笉鑳藉悓鏅�(sh铆)铏曚簬闁嬪暉鐙�鎱�(t脿i),銆傚湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑鐢ㄤ綔鐗规畩閫氶亾,銆�
2.14 瀹氬悜姘ｆ祦 directional airflow
鍦ㄦ埃澹撲綆浜庡鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨ぇ姘ｅ鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑锛屽緸姹℃煋姒傜巼灏忎笖鐩稿皪澹撳姏楂樿檿鍚戞薄鏌撴鐜囬珮涓旂浉灏嶅鍔涗綆铏曞彈鎺у埗鐨勬埃娴�,銆�
2.15 鏉愭枡瀹夊叏鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍠� material safety data sheet(MSDS)
鎻愪緵瑭崇窗(x矛)鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)鍜屾敞鎰忎簨闋�(xi脿ng)淇℃伅鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)閫氬牨(b脿o),銆�
3 鍗卞绋嬪害鍒嗙礆
鏍规摎(j霉)鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙灏嶅��(g猫)楂斿拰缇ら珨鐨勫嵄瀹崇▼搴﹀皣鍏跺垎鐐�4绱�
3.1鍗卞绛夌礆鈪�锛堜綆鍊�(g猫)楂斿嵄瀹筹紝浣庣兢楂斿嵄瀹筹級
涓嶆渻灏�(d菐o)鑷村仴搴峰伐浣滆�呭拰鍕曠墿鑷寸梾鐨勭窗(x矛)鑿�,銆佺湡鑿�,銆佺梾姣掑拰瀵勭敓锜茬瓑鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙銆�
3.2 鍗卞绛夌礆鈪�锛堜腑绛夊��(g猫)楂斿嵄瀹�,锛屾湁闄愮兢楂斿嵄瀹筹級
鑳藉紩璧蜂汉鎴栧嫊鐗╃櫦(f膩)鐥�,锛屼絾涓�鑸儏娉佷笅灏嶅仴搴峰伐浣滆�呫�佺兢楂�,銆佸鐣滄垨鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧笉鏈冨紩璧峰毚(y谩n)閲嶅嵄瀹崇殑鐥呭師楂�,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ劅鏌撲笉灏�(d菐o)鑷村毚(y谩n)閲嶇柧鐥咃紝鍏峰倷鏈夋晥娌荤檪鍜岄爯(y霉)闃叉帾鏂�,锛屽苟涓斿偝鎾ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鏈夐檺,銆�
3.3 鍗卞绛夌礆鈪�( 楂樺��(g猫)楂斿嵄瀹筹紝浣庣兢楂斿嵄瀹�)
鑳藉紩璧蜂汉鎴栧嫊鐗╁毚(y谩n)閲嶇柧鐥�,锛屾垨閫犳垚鍤�(y谩n)閲嶇稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鎼嶅け,锛屼絾閫氬父涓嶈兘鍥犲伓鐒舵帴瑙歌�屽湪鍊�(g猫)楂旈枔鍌虫挱锛屾垨鑳界敤鎶楃敓绱犳姉瀵勭敓锜茶棩娌荤檪鐨勭梾鍘熼珨,銆�
3.4 鍗卞绛夌礆鈪�锛堥珮鍊�(g猫)楂斿嵄瀹�,锛岄珮缇ら珨鍗卞锛�
鑳藉紩璧蜂汉鎴栧嫊鐗╅潪甯稿毚(y谩n)閲嶇殑鐤剧梾锛屼竴鑸笉鑳芥不鎰�,锛屽鏄撶洿鎺�,銆侀枔鎺ユ垨鍥犲伓鐒舵帴瑙稿湪浜鸿垏浜猴紝鎴栧嫊鐗╄垏浜�,锛屾垨浜鸿垏鍕曠墿,锛屾垨鍕曠墿鑸囧嫊鐗╀箣闁撳偝鎾殑鐥呭師楂斻��
4 鐢熺墿鍗卞瑭曚及
鐣�(d膩ng)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ椿鍕曟秹鍙婂偝鏌撴垨娼涘湪鍌虫煋鎬х敓鐗╁洜瀛愭檪(sh铆),锛屾噳(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)琛屽嵄瀹崇▼搴﹁⿻浼�,銆傚嵄瀹崇▼搴﹁⿻浼版噳(y墨ng)鑷冲皯鍖呮嫭涓嬪垪鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸細鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙鐨勭ó椤烇紙宸茬煡鐨勩�佹湭鐭ョ殑,銆佸熀鍥犱慨椋剧殑鎴栨湭鐭ュ偝鏌撴�х殑鐢熺墿鏉愭枡锛�,銆佷締婧愩�佸偝鏌撴��,銆佽嚧鐥呮��,銆佸偝鎾�斿緫銆佸湪鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧腑鐨勭┅(w臎n)瀹氭�с�佹劅鏌撳姂閲�,銆佹績搴�,銆佸嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)銆侀爯(y霉)闃插拰娌荤檪,銆�
鍗卞绋嬪害瑭曚及鎳�(y墨ng)鐢遍仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鎸犺柂?j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勫皥妤�(y猫)浜哄摗閫�(j矛n)琛�,銆�
5.闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰鍜岀敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ按骞冲垎绱�
5.1 闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰
5.1.1 涓�绱氶槻璀�(h霉)灞忛殰
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滃拰鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷绛夋(g貌u)鎴愮殑闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰銆�
5.1.2 浜岀礆闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑瑷�(sh猫)鏂界祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岄�氶ⅷ(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)绛夋(g貌u)鎴愮殑闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰,銆�
5.2 鐢熺墿瀹夊叏姘村钩鍒嗙礆
鏍规摎(j霉)鎵�鎿嶄綔鐨勭敓鐗╁洜瀛愮殑鍗卞绋嬪害鍜岄噰鍙栫殑闃茶(h霉)鎺柦,锛屽皣鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鐨勯槻璀�(h霉)姘村钩 (biosafety level,BSL)鍒嗙偤鍥涚礆锛�鈪�绱氶槻璀�(h霉)姘村钩鏈�浣�,锛�鈪�绱氶槻璀�(h霉)姘村钩鏈�楂�,銆備互BSL-1銆�BSL-2,銆�BSL-3,銆�BSL-4琛ㄧず鍕曠墿瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐢熺墿瀹夊叏闃茶(h霉)姘村钩銆�
6.瑷�(sh猫)鏂藉拰瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒姹�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鐢ㄨō(sh猫)鏂�,銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欏拰鏉愭枡锛堝惈闃茶(h霉)灞忛殰锛夊潎鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍜岃姹�,銆�
6.1 BSL-1瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
鐒￠爤鐗规畩閬稿潃锛屾櫘閫氬缓绛戠墿鍗冲彲,锛屼絾鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐槻姝㈢瘈(ji茅)鑲㈠嫊鐗╁拰鍤欓綊鍕曠墿閫�(j矛n)鍏ョ殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),銆�
姣忓��(g猫)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)娲楁墜姹狅紝瀹滆ō(sh猫)缃湪闈犺繎鍑哄彛铏�,銆�
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら杸鍙ｈ檿鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)鎺涜。瑁濈疆,锛屽��(g猫)浜轰究瑁濊垏瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滄湇鍒嗛枊瑷�(sh猫)缃��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑澧诲,銆佸ぉ鑺辨澘鍜屽湴闈㈡噳(y墨ng)骞虫暣,銆佹槗娓呮綌銆佷笉婊叉按,銆佽�愬寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佸拰娑堟瘨鍔戠殑鑵愯潟,銆傚湴闈㈡噳(y墨ng)闃叉粦锛屼笉寰楅嫪瑷�(sh猫)鍦版,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鑷洪潰鎳�(y墨ng)闃叉按,锛岃�愯厫铦曘�佽�愮啽,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑鐨勬鏌滃拰瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鑷烘噳(y墨ng)鐗㈠浐,銆傛鏌溿�佸(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鑷哄郊姝や箣闁撴噳(y墨ng)淇濇寔涓�瀹氳窛闆�,锛屼互渚夸簬娓呮綌,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ鏈夊彲闁嬪暉鐨勭獥鎴�,锛屾噳(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃礂绐椼��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)淇濊瓑宸ヤ綔鐓ф槑,锛岄伩鍏嶄笉蹇呰鐨勫弽鍏夊拰寮�(qi谩ng)鍏夈��
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鍗楊崳椹筄(sh猫)鍌�,銆�
6.2 BSL-2瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
婊胯冻6.1瑕佹眰,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら杸鎳�(y墨ng)甯堕帠骞跺彲鑷嫊闂�(gu膩n)闁夈�傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑闁�鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夊彲瑕栫獥,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎冻澶犵殑瀛樺劜绌洪枔鎿烘斁鐗╁搧浠ユ柟渚夸娇鐢�,銆傚湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滃崁(q奴)鍩熷閭勬噳(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)鏈変緵闀锋湡浣跨敤鐨勫瓨鍎茬┖闁撱��
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤灏堥杸鐨勫伐浣滄湇,锛涙噳(y墨ng)鎴翠钩鑶犳墜濂�,銆�
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滃崁(q奴)鍩熷鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夊瓨鏀惧��(g猫)浜鸿。鐗╃殑姊濅欢銆�
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鍦ㄧ殑寤虹瓚鐗╁収(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)閰嶅倷楂樺钂告苯婊呰弻鍣�,锛屽苟鎸夋湡妾㈡煡鍜岄(y脿n)璀�,锛屼互淇濊瓑绗﹀悎瑕佹眰銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)閰嶅倷鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)娲楃溂瑷�(sh猫)鏂�,锛屽繀瑕佹檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夊咕鍣存穻瑁濈疆銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)閫氶ⅷ(f膿ng),锛屽浣跨敤绐楁埗鑷劧閫氶ⅷ(f膿ng),锛屾噳(y墨ng)鏈夐槻锜茬礂绐椼��
鏈夊彲闈犵殑闆诲姏渚涙噳(y墨ng)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鎬ョ収鏄�,銆傚繀瑕佹檪(sh铆),锛岄噸瑕佽ō(sh猫)鍌欏鍩归(y菐ng)绠便�佺敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖,銆佸啺绠辩瓑瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑敤闆绘簮,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ嚭鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)鏈夊湪榛戞殫涓彲鏄庣⒑杈ㄨ獚(r猫n)鐨勬(bi膩o)璀樸��
6.3 BSL-3 瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ缓绛戠墿涓嚜鎴愰殧闆㈠崁(q奴)锛堝鍑哄叆鎺у埗锛夋垨?y脿n)妤�?d煤)绔嬪缓绛戠墿,銆�
6.3.1 甯冨眬
鐢辨竻娼斿崁(q奴),銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)绲勬垚銆傛薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔瑷�(sh猫)绶╂矕闁�,銆傚繀瑕佹檪(sh铆),锛屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾竻娼斿崁(q奴)涔嬮枔鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶╂矕闁撱��
鍦ㄥ崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)渚涚穵鎬ユ挙闆娇鐢ㄧ殑瀹夊叏闁�,銆�
鍦ㄦ薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鑸囧崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔,銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾竻娼斿崁(q奴)涔嬮枔瑷�(sh猫)缃偝閬炵獥锛屽偝閬炵獥闆欓杸涓嶈兘鍚屾檪(sh铆)铏曚簬闁嬪暉鐙�鎱�(t脿i),锛屽偝閬炵獥鍏�(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)鐗╃悊娑堟瘨瑁濈疆,銆�6.3.2 鍦嶈(h霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ湇璀�(h霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍏�(n猫i)琛ㄩ潰鍏夋粦,銆佽�愯厫铦曘�侀槻姘�,锛屼互鏄撲簬娑堟瘨娓呮綌,锛涙墍鏈夌斧闅欐噳(y墨ng)鍙潬瀵嗗皝锛岄槻闇�,銆侀槻鐏�,銆�
鍦嶈(h霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)澶栧湇澧婚珨鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鐩嫄楦峰ご闃戦箟鑺拔�?span>
澶╄姳鏉裤�佸湴鏉�,銆佸⒒闁撶殑浜よ鍧囩偤鍦撳姬褰笖鍙潬瀵嗗皝,銆�
鍦伴潰鎳�(y墨ng)闃叉徊婕忋�佺劇绲�(ji茅)绺�,銆佸厜娼�,銆侀槻婊戙��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鎵�鏈夌殑闁�鎳�(y墨ng)鍙嚜鍕曢棞(gu膩n)闁�,锛涘(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ嚭鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)鏈夊湪榛戞殫涓彲鏄庣⒑杈ㄨ獚(r猫n)鐨勬(bi膩o)璀�,銆�
澶栧湇绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓嶆噳(y墨ng)鏈夌獥鎴讹紱鍏�(n猫i)瑷�(sh猫)绐楁埗鎳�(y墨ng)闃茬牬纰�,銆侀槻婕忔埃鍙婂畨鍏�,銆�
鎵�鏈夊嚭鍏ュ彛铏曟噳(y墨ng)閲囩敤闃叉绡�(ji茅)鑲㈠嫊鐗╁拰鍤欓綊鍕曠墿閫�(j矛n)鍏ョ殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)銆�
閫佹帓棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)
鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夎鐛�(d煤)绔嬬殑閫佹帓棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)浠ユ帶鍒跺(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ埃娴佹柟鍚戝拰澹撳姏姊害,銆傛噳(y墨ng)纰轰繚鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ檪(sh铆)姘ｆ祦鐢辨竻娼斿崁(q奴)娴佸悜姹℃煋鍗�(q奴),锛屽悓鏅�(sh铆)纰轰繚瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ┖姘ｅ彧鑳介�氶亷楂樻晥閬庢烤鍚庣稉(j墨ng)灏堢敤鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)绠￠亾鎺掑嚭銆�
閫侀ⅷ(f膿ng)鍙ｅ拰鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)鍙ｇ殑甯冪疆鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉槸灏嶉潰鍒嗗竷,锛屼笂閫佷笅鎺�,锛屾噳(y墨ng)浣挎薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鐨勬埃娴佹瑙掑拰娓︽祦闄嶈嚦鏈�灏忕▼搴︺��
閫佹帓棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鐐虹洿鎺掑紡,锛屼笉寰楅噰鐢ㄥ洖棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng),銆�
鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滄帓鍑虹殑缍�(j墨ng)鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄩ珮鏁堥亷婵剧殑绌烘埃鍙�氶亷绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬帓棰�(f膿ng)绠＄洿鎺ユ帓鍑恒�傛噳(y墨ng)纰轰繚鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滆垏鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫鍔涘钩琛�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑閫侀ⅷ(f膿ng)鎳�(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)鍒�,銆佷腑銆侀珮涓夌礆閬庢烤,锛屼繚璀夋薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鐨勯潨鎱�(t脿i)娼斿噲搴﹂仈(d谩)鍒�7绱氬埌8绱�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)鎳�(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)楂樻晥閬庢烤鍚庡悜绌轰腑鎺掓斁銆傚閮ㄦ帓棰�(f膿ng)鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)閬�(yu菐n)闆㈤�侀ⅷ(f膿ng)鍙ｅ苟瑷�(sh猫)缃湪涓诲皫(d菐o)棰�(f膿ng)鐨勪笅棰�(f膿ng)鍚�,锛屾噳(y墨ng)鑷冲皯楂樺嚭鎵�鍦ㄥ缓绛�2绫�,锛屾噳(y墨ng)鏈夐槻闆ㄣ�侀槻榧�,銆侀槻锜茶ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),锛屼絾涓嶆噳(y墨ng)褰遍熆姘ｉ珨鐩存帴鍚戜笂绌烘帓鏀�,銆�
楂樻晥绌烘埃閬庢烤鍣ㄦ噳(y墨ng)瀹夎鍦ㄩ�侀ⅷ(f膿ng)绠￠亾鐨勬湯绔拰鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)绠￠亾鐨勫墠绔��
閫氶ⅷ(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng),銆侀珮鏁堢┖姘ｉ亷婵惧櫒鐨勫畨瑁濇噳(y墨ng)鐗㈠浐,锛岀鍚堟埃瀵嗘�ц姹傘�傞珮鏁堥亷婵惧櫒鍦ㄦ洿鎻涘墠鎳�(y墨ng)娑堟瘨,锛屾垨閲囩敤鍙湪姘ｅ瘑甯惰涓��(j矛n)琛屾洿鎻涚殑閬庢烤鍣�,锛屾洿鎻涙湁鎳�(y墨ng)绔嬪嵆閫�(j矛n)琛屾秷姣掓垨鐒氱噿銆傛瘡鑷洪珮鏁堥亷婵惧櫒瀹夎,銆佹洿鎻涖�佺董璀�(h霉)鏈夐兘鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夌収缍�(j墨ng)纰鸿獚(r猫n)鐨勬柟娉曢��(j矛n)琛屾娓�,锛岄��(j矛n)琛屽悗姣忓勾鑷冲皯閫�(j矛n)琛屼竴娆℃娓互纰轰繚鍏舵�ц兘,銆�
鍦ㄩ�侀ⅷ(f膿ng)鍜屾帓棰�(f膿ng)绺界铏曟噳(y墨ng)瀹夎姘ｅ瘑鍨嬪瘑闁夐枼锛屼笉瑕佹檪(sh铆)鍙畬鍏ㄩ棞(gu膩n)闁変互閫�(j矛n)琛屽鍏�(n猫i)鍖栧(xu茅)鐔忚捀娑堟瘨,銆�
瀹夎棰�(f膿ng)姗�(j墨)鍜岀敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍟熷嫊鑷嫊鑱�(li谩n)閹栬缃�,锛岀⒑淇濆(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)涓嶅嚭鐝�(xi脿n)姝ｅ鍜岀⒑淇濈敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍏�(n猫i)姘ｆ祦涓嶅�掓祦銆傛帓棰�(f膿ng)姗�(j墨)涓�鍌欎竴鐢�,銆�
鍦ㄦ薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)涓嶆噳(y墨ng)鍙﹀瀹夎鍒嗛珨绌鸿(di脿o),銆佹殩姘ｅ拰闆婚ⅷ(f膿ng)鎵囩瓑銆�
鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨弮鏁�(sh霉)
鐩稿皪瀹ゅ澶ф埃澹�,锛屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鐐�-40pa锛堝悕缇╁�硷級,锛屽苟鑸囩敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖绛夎缃収(n猫i)姘ｅ淇濇寔瀹夊叏鍚堢悊澹撳樊銆備繚鎸佸畾鍚戞埃娴佸苟淇濇寔鍚勫崁(q奴)涔嬮枔姘ｅ宸潎鍕�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鐨勬韩搴�,銆佹繒搴︾鍚堝伐浣滆姹備笖閬╁悎浜庝汉鍝″伐浣溿��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑浜哄伐鐓ф槑鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎宸ヤ綔瑕佹眰,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鍣伈姘村钩鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n),銆�
鐗规畩瑷�(sh猫)鍌欒缃�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夌鍚堝畨鍏ㄥ拰宸ヤ綔瑕佹眰鐨�II绱氬拰III绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖锛屽叾瀹夎浣嶇疆鎳�(y墨ng)闆㈤枊姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍏ュ彛鍜岄牷绻佽蛋鍕曞崁(q奴)鍩�,銆�
浣庢韩楂橀�熼洟蹇冩(j墨)鎴栧叾瀹冨彲鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熸埃婧惰啝鐨勮ō(sh猫)鍌欐噳(y墨ng)缃簬璨�(f霉)澹撶僵鎴栧叾瀹冩帓棰�(f膿ng)瑁濈疆锛堥�氶ⅷ(f膿ng)娅�,銆佹帓姘ｇ僵绛夛級涔嬩腑锛屾噳(y墨ng)灏囧叾鍙� 鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑姘ｆ憾鑶犵稉(j墨ng)楂樻晥閬庢烤鍚庢帓鍑�,銆�
姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃笉鎺掕捀姹界殑楂樺钂告苯婊呰弻鍣ㄦ垨鍏跺畠娑堟瘨瑁濈疆,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ叆鍙ｈ檿鐨勯’钁椾綅缃ō(sh猫)缃付鍫�(b脿o)璀﹀姛鑳界殑瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澹撳姏椤ず瑁濈疆锛岄’绀烘薄鏌撳崁(q奴),銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鐨勮矤(f霉)澹撶媭娉�,銆傜暥(d膩ng)璨�(f霉)澹撳�煎亸闆㈡帶鍒跺崁(q奴)闁撴檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)閫氶亷鑱层�佸厜绛夋墜娈靛悜?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澶栫殑浜哄摗鐧�(f膩)鍑鸿鍫�(b脿o),銆傞倓鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃珮鏁堥亷婵惧櫒姘ｆ祦闃诲姏鐨勯’绀�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夊倷鐢ㄩ浕婧愪互纰轰繚瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滄湡闁撴湁涓嶉枔鏂风殑闆诲姏渚涙噳(y墨ng),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄦ薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍑哄彛铏曡ō(sh猫)娲楁墜瑁濈疆銆傛礂鎵嬭缃殑渚涙按鎳�(y墨ng)鐐洪潪鎵嬪嫊闁嬮棞(gu膩n),銆備緵姘寸鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夎闃插洖娴佽缃�,銆備笉寰楀湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)瀹夎ō(sh猫)鍦版紡銆備笅姘撮亾鎳�(y墨ng)鑸囧缓绛戠墿鐨勪笅姘寸绶氬畬鍏ㄩ殧闆�,锛屼笖鏈夋槑椤(bi膩o)璀�,銆備笅姘存噳(y墨ng)鐩存帴閫氬線鐛�(d煤)绔嬬殑娑查珨娑堟瘨绯荤当(t菕ng)闆嗕腑鏀堕泦锛岀稉(j墨ng)鏈夋晥娑堟瘨鍚庤檿缃�,銆�
6.3.6 鍏跺畠
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鑷鸿〃闈㈡噳(y墨ng)闃叉按,銆佽�愯厫铦曘�佽�愮啽,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑鐨勫鍏锋噳(y墨ng)鐗㈠浐,銆傜偤渚夸簬娓呮綌锛屽(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鍌欏郊姝や箣闁撴噳(y墨ng)淇濇寔涓�瀹氳窛闆�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍闇�澹撳姏瑷�(sh猫)鍌欙紙濡傛车,锛屽绺埃楂旂瓑锛変笉鎳�(y墨ng)褰遍熆瀹ゅ収(n猫i)璨�(f霉)澹撶殑鏈夋晥姊害銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃�氳▕绯荤当(t菕ng),銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑷橀寗绛夎硣鏂欐噳(y墨ng)閫氶亷鍌崇湡姗�(j墨),銆佽▓(j矛)绠楁(j墨)绛夋墜娈电櫦(f膩)閫佽嚦瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ銆�
娓呮綌鍗�(q奴)瑷�(sh猫)缃穻娴磋缃�,銆傚繀瑕佹檪(sh铆),锛屽湪鍗婃薄鏌撳崁(q奴)锛岃ō(sh猫)缃穵鎬ユ秷姣掓穻娴磋缃�,銆�
BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ牴鎿�(j霉)浣跨敤鐨勭敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鐨勯鍨嬪拰绌胯憲闃茶(h霉)鏈嶇殑涓嶅悓,锛屽彲浠ュ垎鐐哄畨鍏ㄦ煖鍨嬨�佹澹撴湇鍨嬪拰娣峰悎鍨嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�,銆�
6.4.1 瀹夊叏鏌滃瀷BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
6.4.1.1 閬稿潃
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)寤洪�犲湪鐛�(d煤)绔嬪缓绛戠墿鍏�(n猫i)鎴栧缓绛戠墿涓崹(d煤)绔嬬殑瀹屽叏闅旈洟鍗�(q奴)鍩熷収(n猫i),锛岃┎寤虹瓚鐗╂噳(y墨ng)閬�(yu菐n)闆㈠煄鍗�(q奴)銆�
6.4.1.2 甯冨眬
1锛夌敱娓呮綌 鍗婃薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽畨鏀炬湁III绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鐨勬薄鏌撳崁(q奴)绲勬垚,銆傛竻娼斿崁(q奴)鍖呮嫭澶栨洿琛ｅ,銆佹穻娴村鍜屽収(n猫i)鏇磋。瀹ゃ�傜浉閯板崁(q奴)鐢辩珐娌栭枔閫ｆ帴,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾竻娼斿崁(q奴)澧讳笂,銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)澧讳笂瑷�(sh猫)缃笉鎺掕捀姹界殑闆欐墘楂樺婊呰弻鍣ㄥ拰娴告场娑堟瘨娓℃Ы鎴栫啅钂告秷姣掑鎴栧付鏈夋秷姣掕缃殑閫氶ⅷ(f膿ng)浜掗帠鍌抽仦绐楋紝浠ヤ究鍌抽仦鍜屾秷姣掍笉鑳藉緸鏇磋。瀹ゆ敎甯堕��(j矛n)鍑虹殑鏉愭枡,銆佺墿鍝佸拰鍣ㄦ潗,銆�
姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)澧讳笂瑷�(sh猫)缃笉鎺掕捀姹界殑闆欐墘楂樺婊呰弻鍣ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鑸�III绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鐩存帴鐩搁�ｃ��
鍗婃薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶婃�ュ嚭鍙�,锛岀穵鎬ュ嚭鍙ｉ�氶亾鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)缃珐娌栭枔鍜岀穵鎬ユ秷姣掕檿鐞嗗,銆�
6.4.1.3 鍦嶈(h霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鎸�6.3.2鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
6.4.1.4 閫佹帓棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)
鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鎳�(y墨ng)閫ｇ簩(x霉)缍�(j墨ng)閬庡叐鍊�(g猫)楂樻晥閬庢烤鍣ㄨ檿鐞嗐�傚叾瀹冭姹傛寜6.3.3鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
6.4.1.5 鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨弮鏁�(sh霉)
鎸�6.3.4鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
瀹夊叏瑁濈疆鍙婄壒娈婅ō(sh猫)鍌�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夌鍚堝畨鍏ㄥ拰宸ヤ綔瑕佹眰鐨�III绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖銆�
鍏跺畠瑕佹眰鎸�6.3.5鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
鍏跺畠鎸�6.3.6鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
姝ｅ鏈嶅瀷BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
鐢�BSL-4绱氬(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑷�(sh猫)鏂姐��II绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍜屽叿鏈夌敓鍛芥敮鎸佷緵姘ｇ郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勬澹撻槻璀�(h霉)鏈嶇祫鎴�,銆�
閬稿潃
鎸�6.4.1.1鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
甯冨眬
1) 鐢辨竻娼斿崁(q奴)銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屽畨鏀炬湁II绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鐨勬薄鏌撳崁(q奴)绲勬垚,锛岀浉閯板崁(q奴)鐢辩珐娌栭枔閫ｆ帴,銆傛竻娼斿崁(q奴)鍖呮嫭澶栨洿琛ｅ銆佹穻娴村,銆佸収(n猫i)鏇磋。瀹わ紙鍙吋绶╂矕闁擄級锛屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴),銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔鐨勭珐娌栭枔鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)鍖栧(xu茅)娣嬫荡瑁濈疆,锛屽伐浣滀汉鍝￠洟闁嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ檪(sh铆)锛岀稉(j墨ng)鍖栧(xu茅)娣嬫荡灏嶆澹撻槻璀�(h霉)鏈嶈〃闈㈤��(j矛n)琛屾秷姣�,銆�
2)鍏跺畠瑕佹寜6.4.1.2鐨�2銆夊拰4)鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
6.4.2.3 鍦嶈(h霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)
鎸�6.3.2鐨勮(gu墨)瀹氥��
6.4.2.4閫佹帓棰�(f膿ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)
鎸�6.4.1.4鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
6.4.2.5鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨弮鏁�(sh霉)
鎸�6.3.4鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�.
6.4.2.6瀹夊叏瑁濈疆鍙婄壒娈婅ō(sh猫)鍌�
1)鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤E绱氬鎺掗ⅷ(f膿ng)鍨嬬敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖,銆�
2)閫�(j矛n)鍏ユ薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鐨勫伐浣滀汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)绌胯憲姝ｅ闃茶(h霉)鏈嶃�傜敓鍛芥敮鎸佺郴绲�(t菕ng)鍖呮嫭鎻愪緵瓒呴噺娓呮綌鍛煎惛姘ｉ珨鐨勬澹撲緵姘ｈ缃�,鍫�(b脿o)璀﹀櫒鍜岀穵鎬ユ敮鎻存埃缃�,銆傚伐浣滄湇鍏�(n猫i)姘ｅ鐩稿皪鍛ㄥ湇鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩噳(y墨ng)鐐烘寔绾�(x霉)姝ｅ,骞剁鍚堣姹�.鐢熷懡鏀寔绯荤当(t菕ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎嚜鍕曞暉鍕曠殑绶婃�ラ浕婧愪緵鎳�(y墨ng),銆�
3)鍏跺畠瑕佹眰鎸�6.3.5鐨勮(gu墨)瀹氥��
6.4.2.7 鍏跺畠
鎸�6.3.6鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
6.4.3 娣峰悎鍨�BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
鍦ㄦ湰绱氬(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑷�(sh猫)鏂藉熀绀�(ch菙)涓�,鍚屾檪(sh铆)浣跨敤鐨跨礆鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滃拰鍏锋湁鐢熷懡鏀寔渚涙埃绯荤当(t菕ng)(姝ｅ闃茶(h霉)鏈�),銆傛檪(sh铆)绗﹀悎鏈(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)6.4.l鍜�6.4.2鐨勫叏閮ㄨ姹傘��
7.鍕曠墿瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐢熺墿瀹夊叏
鍕曠墿瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐢熺墿瀹夊叏闃茶(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鏂芥噳(y墨ng)鍙冪収BSL-1~BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐩告噳(y墨ng)瑕佹眰(瑕嬬6绔�),閭勬噳(y墨ng)鑰冩叜灏嶅嫊鐗╁懠鍚�,銆佹帓娉�,銆佹瘺鐧�(f膩)銆佹姄鍜�,銆佹帣鎵�,銆侀�冮�搞�佸嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)(濡傛煋姣�,銆侀啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)妾㈡煡,銆佸彇妯�,銆佽В鍓栥�佹椹�(y脿n)绛変汉鍕曠墿椋奸(y菐ng),銆佸嫊鐗╁案楂斿強鎺掓硠鐗╃殑铏曠疆绛夐亷绋嬬敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑娼涘湪鐢熺墿鍗卞鐨勯槻璀�(h霉),銆傛噳(y墨ng)鐗瑰垾娉ㄦ剰灏嶅嫊鐗╂簮鎬ф埃婧惰啝鐨勯槻璀�(h霉),渚嬪灏嶆劅鏌撳嫊鐗╃殑鍓栨鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄨ矤(f霉)澹撳墫妾㈣嚭涓婇��(j矛n)琛屻��
鎳�(y墨ng)鏍规摎(j霉)鍕曠墿鐨勭ó椤�,銆佽韩楂斿ぇ灏�,銆佺敓娲荤繏(x铆)鎬с�佸(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)?z膩i)搴风墶鍐梮鎿囧叿閬╃暥(d膩ng)闃茶(h霉)姘村钩灏堢敤浜庡嫊鐗╁苟绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勭敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖,銆佸嫊鐗╅＜椁�(y菐ng)瑷�(sh猫)鏂�,銆佸嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瑷�(sh猫)鏂姐�佹秷姣掕ō(sh猫)鏂藉拰娓呮礂瑷�(sh猫)鏂界瓑,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ缓绛戞噳(y墨ng)纰轰繚瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鍕曠墿涓嶈兘閫冮��,闈炲(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ嫊鐗�(濡傞噹榧�,銆佹槅锜茬瓑)涓嶈兘閫�(j矛n)鍏ャ�傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)(濡傜┖闁�,銆佽扛鍑洪�氶亾绛�)鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鎵�鐢ㄥ嫊鐗╃殑闇�瑕�,銆�
鍕曠墿瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ┖姘ｄ笉鎳�(y墨ng)寰挵(hu谩n)銆傚嫊鐗╂簮姘ｆ憾鑶犳噳(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)姣嶅挐薪^婵惧拰(鎴�)娑堟瘨鍚庢帓鍑�,涓嶈兘閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ鍏�(n猫i)寰挵(hu谩n),銆�
濡傚嫊鐗╅渶瑕侀２鐢ㄧ劇鑿屾按,渚涙按绯荤当(t菕ng)鎳�(y墨ng)鍙畨鍏ㄦ秷姣�,銆傚嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鐨勬韩搴︺�佹繒搴�,銆佺収搴�,銆佸櫔鑱层�佹綌鍑堝害绛夐＜椁�(y菐ng)鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勮姹�,銆�
7.1 ABSL-1瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
闄ゆ豢瓒�6.1鐨勮姹傚,閭勬噳(y墨ng)婊胯冻浠ヤ笅瑕佹眰:
寤虹瓚鐗╁収(n猫i)鍕曠墿瑷�(sh猫)鏂芥噳(y墨ng)鑸囬枊鏀剧殑浜哄摗娲诲嫊鍗�(q奴)鍒嗛枊,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夎鑷嫊闁夐杸鍣�,鐣�(d膩ng)鏈夊(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鍕曠墿鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)淇濇寔閹栭枆鐙�鎱�(t脿i)銆�
濡傛灉鏈夊湴婕�,鎳�(y墨ng)濮嬬祩鐢ㄦ按鎴栨秷姣掑姂娑插皝,銆�
鍕曠墿绫犲叿鐨勬礂婊屾噳(y墨ng)婊胯冻娓呮綌瑕佹眰,銆�
7.2 ABSL-2瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
闄ゆ豢瓒�6.2鍜�7.1鐨勮姹傚,閭勬噳(y墨ng)婊胯冻浠ヤ笅瑕佹眰:
鍑轰汉鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶╂矕闁撱��
鍕曠墿瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑闁�鎳�(y墨ng)鐣�(d膩ng)鍏锋湁鍙绐�,鍙互鑷嫊闂�(gu膩n)闁�,骞舵湁閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)骞曢?z膩i)鍫�(b脿o)璀﹀櫒,銆�
鐐轰繚璀夊嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら亱(y霉n)杞�(zhu菐n)鍜屾帶鍒舵薄鏌撶殑瑕佹眰,鐢ㄤ簬铏曠悊鍥洪珨寤㈡鐗╃殑楂樺婊呰弻鍣ㄦ噳(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)閬庣壒娈婅ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),鍚堢悊鎿烘斁,鍔犲挤(qi谩ng)淇濋(y菐ng);鐒氱噿鐖愭噳(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)閬庣壒娈婅ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),鍚屾檪(sh铆)閰嶅倷瑁�(b菙)鐕冨拰娑堢厵瑷�(sh猫)鍌�;姹℃煋鐨勫虎姘村繀闋堢稉(j墨ng)閬庢秷姣掕檿鐞�,銆�
7.3 ABSL-3瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
闄ゆ豢瓒�6.3鍜�7.2鐨勮姹傚,閭勬噳(y墨ng)婊胯冻浠ヤ笅瑕佹眰:
寤虹瓚鐗╂噳(y墨ng)鏈夌鍚堣姹傜殑鎶楅渿鑳藉姏,闃查紶銆侀槻锜�,銆侀槻鐩�,銆�
鐢辨竻娼斿崁(q奴)銆佸崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍜屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)(鍕曠墿椋奸(y菐ng)闁�)绲勬垚,銆傛薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屽崐姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)涔嬮枔鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶╂矕闁�,銆傚繀瑕佹檪(sh铆),鍗婃薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍜屾竻娼斿崁(q奴)涔嬮枔鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶╂矕闁撱��
鐩稿皪瀹ゅ澶ф埃澹�,姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鐐轰竴60 Pa(鍚嶇京鍊�),骞惰垏鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滅瓑瑁濈疆鍏�(n猫i)姘ｅ淇濇寔瀹夊叏鍚堢悊澹撳樊銆備繚鎸佸畾鍚戞埃娴佸苟淇濇寔鍚勫崁(q奴)涔嬮枔姘ｅ宸潎鍕�,銆�
瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鎳�(y墨ng)閰嶅倷浜哄伐鎴栬嚜鍕曟秷姣掑櫒鍏�(濡傛秷姣掑櫞闇у櫒,銆佽嚟姘ф秷姣掑櫒)骞跺倷鏈夎冻澶犵殑娑堟瘨鍔戙��
鐣�(d膩ng)鎴块枔鍏�(n猫i)鏈夋劅鏌撳嫊鐗╂檪(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)鎴撮槻璀�(h霉)闈㈠叿,銆�
ABSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�
鎳�(y墨ng)婊胯冻6.4鍜�7.3鐨勮姹�,骞剁鍚堜互涓嬭姹�:
1)鎳�(y墨ng)澧炲姞鍕曠墿閫�(j矛n)鍏ョ殑閫氶亾,銆�
2)鎰熸煋鍕曠墿鎳�(y墨ng)椋奸(y菐ng)鍦ㄥ叿鏈�III绱氱敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鎬ц兘鐨勯殧闆㈠櫒鍏�(n猫i)銆�
3)鍕曠墿椋奸(y菐ng)鏂规硶瑕佷繚璀夊嫊鐗╂埃婧惰啝缍�(j墨ng)楂樻晥閬庢烤鍚庢帓鏀�,涓嶈兘閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ鍏�(n猫i),銆�
4)涓�鑸儏娉�,鎿嶄綔鎰熸煋鍕曠墿,鍖呮嫭鎺ョó,銆佸彇琛�銆佽В鍓�,銆佹洿鎻涘鏂�,銆佸偝閬炵瓑,閮借鍦ㄧ墿鐞嗛槻璀�(h霉)姊濅欢涓嬮��(j矛n)琛屻�傝兘鍦ㄧ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍏�(n猫i)閫�(j矛n)琛岀殑蹇呴爤鍦ㄥ叾鍏�(n猫i)閫�(j矛n)琛�;鐗规畩鎯呮硜涓�,涓嶈兘鍦ㄧ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍏�(n猫i)椋奸(y菐ng)鐨勫ぇ鍕曠墿鎴栧嫊鐗╂暩(sh霉)閲忚純澶氭檪(sh铆),瑕佹牴鎿�(j霉)鎯呮硜鐗规畩瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),渚嬪瑷�(sh猫)缃純澶х殑鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滃拰鍙搷浣滅殑鐗╃悊闃茶(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,鐩″彲鑳藉湪鍏跺収(n猫i)閫�(j矛n)琛岄珮婵冨害姹℃煋鐨勬搷浣�,銆�
8.鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鐢ㄤ换浣曞��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鏈夐棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勮姹�,銆傚湪鍗卞瑭曚及鐨勫熀绀�(ch菙)涓�,鎸変笉鍚岀礆鍒ョ殑闃茶(h霉)瑕佹眰閬告搰閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑶偓(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ皪鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷鐨勯伕鎿�,銆佷娇鐢�,銆佺董璀�(h霉)鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夋槑纰虹殑鏇搁潰瑕�(gu墨)瀹氥�佺▼搴忓拰浣跨敤鎸囧皫(d菐o),銆�
8.1瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら槻璀�(h霉)鏈�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)纰轰繚鍏峰倷瓒冲鐨勬湁閬╃暥(d膩ng)闃茶(h霉)姘村钩鐨勬竻娼旈槻璀�(h霉)鏈嶅彲渚涗娇鐢�,銆備笉鐢ㄦ檪(sh铆),鍙噳(y墨ng)灏囨竻娼旂殑闃茶(h霉)鏈嶇疆浜庡皥鐢ㄥ瓨鏀捐檿銆傛薄鏌撶殑闃茶(h霉)鏈嶆噳(y墨ng)浜庨仼鐣�(d膩ng)妯�(bi膩o)瑷樼殑闃叉紡琚嬩腑鏀剧疆骞舵惉閬�(y霉n),銆�
姣忛殧閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑷卹(sh铆)闁撴噳(y墨ng)鏇存彌闃茶(h霉)鏈嶄互纰轰繚娓呮步,鐣�(d膩ng)鐭ラ亾闃茶(h霉)鏈嶅凡琚嵄闅�(xi菐n)鏉愭枡姹℃煋鎳�(y墨ng)绔嬪嵆鏇存彌銆傞洟闁嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ崁(q奴)鍩熶箣鍓嶆噳(y墨ng)鑴幓闃茶(h霉)鏈�,銆�
鐣�(d膩ng)鍏锋經鍦ㄥ嵄闅�(xi菐n)鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)妤垫湁鍙兘婵哄埌宸ヤ綔浜哄摗鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤濉戞枡鍦嶈鎴栭槻娑查珨鐨勯暦缃╂湇,銆傚湪閫欑ó宸ヤ綔鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧腑,濡傚繀瑕�,閭勬噳(y墨ng)绌挎埓鍏跺畠鐨勫��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷,濡傛墜濂椼�侀槻璀�(h霉)閺�,銆侀潰鍏�,銆侀牠閮ㄩ潰閮ㄤ繚璀�(h霉)缃╃瓑銆�
8.2 闈㈤儴鍙婅韩楂斾繚璀�(h霉)
铏曠悊妯ｆ湰鐨勯亷绋嬩腑,濡傚彲鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷惈鐢熺墿鍥犲瓙鐨勬埃婧惰啝,鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄩ仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)绾愁対閿囪俯顏惰０鑳佸儺槌�?span>
鍦ㄨ檿鐞嗗嵄闅�(xi菐n)鏉愭枡鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎ū鍙娇鐢ㄧ殑瀹夊叏鐪奸彙,銆侀潰閮ㄩ槻璀�(h霉)缃╂垨鍏跺畠鐨勭溂閮ㄩ潰閮ㄤ繚璀�(h霉)瑁濈疆鍙緵浣跨敤,銆�8.3 鎵嬪
鎵嬪鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滄檪(sh铆)鍙緵浣跨敤,浠ラ槻鐢熺墿鍗遍毆(xi菐n)銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝�,銆佽蓟灏勬薄鏌�,鍐峰拰鐔�,鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佹薄鏌�,鍒哄偡,銆佹摝鍌峰拰鍕曠墿鎶撳挰鍌风瓑銆�
鎵嬪鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夋墍寰炰簨鎿嶄綔鐨勬�ц唱(zh矛)绗﹀悎鑸掓湇,銆佸悎閬�,銆侀潏娲汇�佹彙鐗�,銆佽�愮（,銆佽�愭墡鍜岃�愭挄鐨勮姹�,骞舵噳(y墨ng)灏嶆墍娑夊強鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)鎻愪緵瓒冲鐨勯槻璀�(h霉),銆傛噳(y墨ng)灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滀汉鍝￠��(j矛n)琛岄伕鎿囨墜濂�,浣跨敤鍓嶅強浣跨敤鍚庣殑閰嶆埓鍙婃憳闄ょ瓑鍩硅〒(x霉n)銆� 鎳�(y墨ng)淇濊瓑:
1)鎵�鎴存墜濂楃劇婕忔悕,銆�
2)鎴村ソ鎵嬪鍚庡彲瀹屽叏閬綇鎵嬪強鑵曢儴,濡傚繀瑕�,鍙钃嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら暦缃╂湇鎴栧琛ｇ殑琚栧瓙.
鍦ㄦ挄鐮�,銆佹悕澹炴垨鎳风枒鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄥ彈姹℃煋鏅�(sh铆)鏇存彌鎵嬪銆�
鎵嬪鐐哄(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滃皥鐢�,銆傚湪宸ヤ綔瀹屾垚鎴栦腑姝㈠悗鎳�(y墨ng)娑堟瘨,銆佹憳鎺夊苟瀹夊叏铏曠疆銆�
8.4 闉�
闉嬫噳(y墨ng)鑸掗仼,闉嬪簳闃叉粦,銆傛帹钖︿娇鐢ㄧ毊鍒舵垨鍚堟垚鏉愭枡鐨勪笉婊叉恫楂旂殑闉嬮,銆傚湪寰炰簨鍙兘鍑虹従(xi脿n)婕忓嚭鐨勫伐浣滄檪(sh铆)鍙┛涓�娆℃�ч槻姘撮瀷濂椼�傚湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鐗规畩鍗�(q奴)鍩�(渚嬪鏈夐槻闈滈浕瑕佹眰鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩�)鎴�BSL3鍜�BSL-4瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ姹備娇鐢ㄥ皥鐢ㄩ瀷(渚嬪涓�娆℃�ф垨姗¤啝闈村瓙),銆�
8.5 鍛煎惛闃茶(h霉)
鐣�(d膩ng)瑕佹眰浣跨敤鍛煎惛闃茶(h霉)瑁濆倷(濡傞潰鍏�,銆佸��(g猫)浜哄懠鍚稿櫒銆佹澹撴湇绛�)鏅�(sh铆),鍏朵娇鐢ㄥ拰缍(h霉)鐨勪綔妤�(y猫)鎸囧皫(d菐o)鏇告噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鍦ㄧ浉鎳�(y墨ng)娲诲嫊鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ搷浣滅▼搴忔墜鍐婁腑,銆傚懠鍚稿櫒鎳�(y墨ng)鍙兘鎸夌収浣滄キ(y猫)鎸囧皫(d菐o)鏇稿強鍩硅〒(x霉n)鐨勮姹備娇鐢�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夋帓宸ヤ綔鍫存墍鐩�(ji膩n)鎺с�侀啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瑭曚及鍜屽皪鍛煎惛鍣ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ�呯殑鐩�(ji膩n)鐫�,浠ョ⒑淇濆叾濮嬬祩姝ｇ⒑浣跨敤瑭查瑁濆倷,銆傛噳(y墨ng)灏嶅懠鍚稿櫒浣滃��(g猫)楂旈仼鍚堟�ф脯瑭�,銆�
閫�(j矛n)琛屽鏄撶敘(ch菐n)鐢熼珮鍗卞姘ｆ憾鑶犵殑鎿嶄綔鏅�(sh铆),瑕佹眰鍚屾檪(sh铆)浣跨敤閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑶偓(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷銆佺敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍜�(鎴�)鍏跺畠鐗╃悊闃茶(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,銆�
9.绠＄悊瑕佹眰
9.1绠＄悊璨�(z茅)浠�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ鐞嗗堡灏嶆墍鏈夊摗宸ュ拰瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や締瑷�呯殑瀹夊叏璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅).鏈�绲傝铂(z茅)浠荤敱瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘垨鎸囧畾鐨勮垏鍏跺湴浣嶇浉鐣�(d膩ng)鑰呮壙鎿�(d膩n),銆傛噳(y墨ng)浠诲懡涓�鍚嶆湁閬╃暥(d膩ng)璩囪唱(zh矛)鍜岀稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜哄崝(xi茅)鍔╃鐞嗗堡璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅)瀹夊叏浜嬪疁銆傚畨鍏ㄨ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)鍒跺畾,銆佺董璀�(h霉)鍜岀洠(ji膩n)鐫ｆ湁鏁堢殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ▓(j矛)鍔�,銆備竴鍊�(g猫)鏈夋晥鐨勫(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ▓(j矛)鍔冩噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鏁欒偛銆佸畾浣嶅強鍩硅〒(x霉n),銆佸鏍稿強瑭曚及,銆佷績閫�(j矛n)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ鐐虹殑绋嬪簭.
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)鏈夋瑠(qu谩n)闃绘涓嶅畨鍏ㄧ殑娲诲嫊銆傚瑷�(sh猫)鏈夊畨鍏ㄥ鍝℃渻,瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜哄鏋滀笉鏄┎濮斿摗鏈冪殑涓讳换,鑷冲皯鎳�(y墨ng)鏄┎濮斿摗鏈冩湁鑱锋瑠(qu谩n)鐨勬垚鍝�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)鍒跺畾瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬拰绋嬪簭纰轰繚瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鏂�,銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欍�佸��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,銆佹潗鏂欑瓑绗﹀悎鍦嬪鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瀹夊叏瑕佹眰,瀹氭湡妾㈡煡,銆佺董璀�(h霉)銆佹洿鏂�,纰轰繚涓嶉檷浣庡叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎬ц兘,銆�
9.2鍝″伐鍋ュ悍绠＄悊
鎵�鏈変汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)鏈夋枃浠惰瓑鏄庡叾灏嶅伐浣滃強瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ叏閮ㄨō(sh猫)鏂戒腑娼涘湪鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鍙楅亷鍩硅〒(x霉n),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)瑕佹眰鎵�鏈変汉鍝℃牴鎿�(j霉)鍙兘鎺ヨЦ鐨勭敓鐗╂帴鍙楀厤鐤互闋�(y霉)闃叉劅鏌撱�傛噳(y墨ng)淇濆瓨鍏嶇柅瑷橀寗銆�
9.3瀹夊叏瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)
鍦ㄨ�冩叜寤虹瓚鏂扮殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ垨瑷�(j矛)鍔冨皪宸插缓濂界殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら��(j矛n)琛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏀归�犳檪(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)閬靛畧鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勫湅瀹�,銆佸湴鏂瑰缓绛戞硶瑕�(gu墨)鍜屽皪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑灏堢敤寤虹瓚瀹夊叏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n).鏈緱鍒板(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘垨鍏舵寚瀹氫唬琛ㄧ殑瑷卞彲绂佹閫�(j矛n)琛屽缓绛戞垨宸ョ▼浣滄キ(y猫),銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎳�(y墨ng)淇濊瓑灏嶆妧琛�(sh霉)鍗�(q奴)鍩熶腑鐢熺墿銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅),銆佽蓟灏勫拰鐗╃悊鍗卞鐨勯槻璀�(h霉)姘村钩鎺у埗鍦ㄧ稉(j墨ng)閬庤⿻浼扮殑鐩告噳(y墨ng)棰�(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)绋嬪害,鐐洪棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)鐨勮睛鍏崁(q奴)鍜岃嚚杩戠殑鍏叡绌洪枔鎻愪緵瀹夊叏鐨勫伐浣滅挵(hu谩n)澧�,鍙婇槻姝㈤ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)閫�(j矛n)鍏ュ懆鍦嶇ぞ鍗�(q奴),銆傞�氬悜鍑哄彛鐨勮蛋寤婂拰閫氶亾鎳�(y墨ng)鐒￠殰绀欍��
鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶇┖姘ｇ殑娴佸嫊閫熷害閫�(j矛n)琛屽父瑕�(gu墨)鐩�(ji膩n)娓互淇濊瓑瓒冲鐨勯�氶ⅷ(f膿ng)鍜岄槻姝�?ji茅)鎾涜顶榄呯柦铚冮泹闄�娉活浛鎬弚鐨勬摯(ku貌)鏁�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑姣忓��(g猫)鍑哄彛鍜屽叆鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)鍙垎杈�,鍏ュ彛铏曟噳(y墨ng)鏈夋(bi膩o)瑷�,妯�(bi膩o)瑷樻噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鍦嬮殯閫氱敤鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)妯�(bi膩o)蹇�(濡�:鐢熺墿鍗遍毆(xi菐n)妯�(bi膩o)蹇�,銆佺伀闅�(xi菐n)妯�(bi膩o)蹇楀拰鏀惧皠鎬ф(bi膩o)蹇�)浠ュ強鍏跺畠鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鐨勮(gu墨)瀹氱殑妯�(bi膩o)瑷樸�傛噳(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)绶婃�ュ嚭鍙ｅ苟鏈夋(bi膩o)瑷樹互鍜屾櫘閫氬嚭鍙ｅ崁(q奴)鍒�,銆傜穵鎬ユ挙闆㈣矾绶氭噳(y墨ng)鏈夊湪榛戞殫涓篃鍙槑纰鸿鲸瑾�(r猫n)鐨勬(bi膩o)璀�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ叆鍙ｆ噳(y墨ng)鏈夊彲閹栭枆鐨勯杸銆傞杸閹栨噳(y墨ng)涓嶅Θ绀欑穵鎬ョ枏鏁�,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑閫�(j矛n)鍏ユ噳(y墨ng)鍍呴檺浜庣稉(j墨ng)鎺堟瑠(qu谩n)鐨勪汉鍝�,銆傛埧闁撳収(n猫i)鐨勯杸鎸夐渶瑕佸畨瑁濋杸閹�;姝ｇ暥(d膩ng)鎿嶄綔楂樺嵄闅�(xi菐n)妯ｆ湰鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐��(j矛n)鍏ラ檺鍒躲�傚瓨鏀鹃珮鍗遍毆(xi菐n)妯ｆ湰,銆佸煿椁�(y菐ng)鐗�,銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)瑭﹀姂鎴栦緵鎳�(y墨ng)鍝�,閭勯渶閲囧彇鍏跺畠鐨勪繚瀹夋帾鏂�,濡傚彲閹栭枆鐨勯杸銆佸彲閹栭枆鐨勫喎鍑嶇,銆佺壒娈婁汉鍝＄殑閫�(j矛n)浜洪檺鍒剁瓑,銆傛噳(y墨ng)瑭曚及鐢熺墿鏉愭枡銆佹ǎ鏈�,銆佽棩鍝�,銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佸拰姗�(j墨)瀵嗚硣鏂欒鍋风洔鍜岃涓嶆鐣�(d膩ng)浣跨敤鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n),骞堕噰鍙栫浉鎳�(y墨ng)鎺柦闃茶寖鍏剁櫦(f膩)鐢熴��
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夊皥闁�瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)浠ョ⒑淇濆瓨鍎�,銆佽綁(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n),銆佹敹闆嗐�佽檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鐗╂枡鐨勫畨鍏�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)婧害銆佹繒搴�,銆佺収搴�,銆佸櫔鑱插拰娼斿噲搴︾瓑鍏�(n猫i)鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪鍚堝伐浣滆姹傚拰鏈夐棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰銆�
9.4 绋嬪簭
鎳�(y墨ng)鏍规摎(j霉)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)灏嶈薄,銆佺敓鐗╁嵄瀹崇▼搴﹁⿻浼�,銆佺爺绌跺収(n猫i)瀹广�佽ō(sh猫)鏂界壒榛�(di菐n),銆佽ō(sh猫)鍌欏叿楂斿埗瀹氱浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎿嶄綔绋嬪簭,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎿嶄綔绋嬪簭鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭灏嶆秹鍙婄殑浠讳綍鍗遍毆(xi菐n)浠ュ強濡備綍鍦ㄩⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鏈�灏忕殑鎯呮硜涓嬮枊灞曞伐浣滀箣瑭崇窗(x矛)鐨勪綔妤�(y猫)鎸囧皫(d菐o)鏇搞�傝矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)宸ヤ綔鍗�(q奴)娲诲嫊鐨勭鐞嗚铂(z茅)浠讳汉姣忓勾鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶉�欎簺绋嬪簭鑷冲皯瑭曞鍜屾洿鏂颁竴娆°�傛噳(y墨ng)鍒跺畾鏇搁潰瑷�(j矛)鍔�,鑷冲皯鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅鍏�(n猫i)瀹�:
鍝″伐鐨勫仴搴风洠(ji膩n)璀�(h霉),銆�
瀵�(sh铆)鏂藉嵄瀹宠⿻浼�,瑷橀寗绲�(ji茅)鏋滃強閲囧彇鎺柦鐨勫畨鎺�,銆�
鍖栧(xu茅)鍝佸拰鍏跺畠鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鐗╁搧鐨勭⒑瑾�(r猫n)(鍖呮嫭閫犵暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑷�?bi膩o)璀樿姹�)銆佸畨鍏ㄥ瓨鏀捐垏铏曠疆鍙婄洠(ji膩n)鎺х▼搴�,銆�
鎿嶄綔鏈夊鏉愭枡鐨勫畨鍏ㄨ鐐虹殑绋嬪簭,銆�
闃叉楂橀ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鍜屾薄鏌撴潗鏂欏け绔婄殑绋嬪簭銆�
纰鸿獚(r猫n)鍩硅〒(x霉n)闇�姹傚拰鏁欐潗鐨勬柟娉�,銆�
鐛插緱,銆佺董鎸佸拰鍒嗙櫦(f膩)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鏈変娇鐢ㄦ潗鏂欎箣瀹夊叏鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍠�(MSDS)鐨勭▼搴忋��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鍌欏畨鍏ㄥ幓姹℃煋鍜岀董璀�(h霉)鐨勭▼搴�,銆�
绶婃�ョ▼搴�,鍖呮嫭婕忓嚭铏曠悊绋嬪簭,銆�-
浜嬩欢瑷橀寗銆佸牨(b脿o)鍛婂強瑾�(di脿o)鏌�,銆�
寤㈡鐗╄檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆,銆�
9.5 瀹夊叏瑷�(j矛)鍔冪殑瀵╂牳鍙婃鏌�
9.5.1瀹夊叏瑷�(j矛)鍔冪殑瀵╂牳
姣忓勾鎳�(y墨ng)(鐢卞彈閬庨仼鐣�(d膩ng)鍩硅〒(x霉n)鐨勪汉鍝�)灏嶅畨鍏ㄨ▓(j矛)鍔冭嚦灏戝鏍稿拰妾㈡煡涓�娆�,鍖呮嫭浣嗕笉闄愪簬涓嬪垪瑕佺礌:
瀹夊叏鍜屽仴搴疯(gu墨)瀹�;
鏇搁潰鐨勫伐浣滅▼搴忓寘鎷畨鍏ㄥ伐浣滆鐐�;
鏁欒偛鍙婂煿瑷�(x霉n);
灏嶅伐浣滀汉鍝＄殑鐩�(ji膩n)鐫�;
甯歌(gu墨)妾㈡煡;
鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鏉愭枡鍜岀墿璩�(zh矛);
鍋ュ悍鐩�(ji膩n)璀�(h霉);
鎬ユ晳鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鍙婅ō(sh猫)鍌�;
浜嬫晠鍙婄梾鎯呰(di脿o)鏌�
鍋ュ悍鍜屽畨鍏ㄥ鍝℃渻瑭曞;
瑷橀寗鍙婄当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛):
纰轰繚钀藉(sh铆)瀵╂牳涓彁鍑洪渶瑕侀噰鍙栫殑鍏ㄩ儴鎺柦鐨勮▓(j矛)鍔冦��
鐐烘瘡鍊�(g猫)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熺壒鍒剁殑妾㈡煡琛ㄥ彲鏈夋晥鍦板崝(xi茅)鍔╁鏍稿伐浣�,銆�
9.5.2瀹夊叏妾㈡煡
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ鐞嗗堡鏈夎铂(z茅)浠荤⒑淇濆畨鍏ㄦ鏌ョ殑鍩�(zh铆)琛�,銆傛瘡骞存噳(y墨ng)灏嶅伐浣滃牬鎵�鑷冲皯妾㈡煡涓�娆�,浠ヤ繚璀�:
鎳�(y墨ng)鎬ヨ鍌欍�佽鍫�(b脿o)楂旂郴鍜屾挙闆㈢▼搴忓姛鑳藉強鐙�鎱�(t脿i)姝ｅ父;
鐢ㄤ簬鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鐗╄唱(zh矛)婕忓嚭鎺у埗鐨勭▼搴忓拰鐗╁搧鐙�鎱�(t脿i),鍖呮嫭绶婃�ユ穻娴�;
灏嶅彲鐕冩槗鐕冩��,銆佸彲鍌虫煋鎬�,銆佹斁灏勬�у拰鏈夋瘨鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫瓨鏀鹃��(j矛n)琛岄仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)濮嗛浄o(h霉)鍜屾帶鍒�;
鍘绘薄鏌撳拰寤㈡鐗╄檿鐞嗙▼搴忕殑鐙�鎱�(t脿i);
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鏂姐�佽ō(sh猫)鍌�,銆佷汉鍝＄殑鐙�鎱�(t脿i),銆�
9.5.3 瀹夊叏鎵嬪唺
瑕佹眰鎵�鏈夊摗宸ラ柋璁�鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐婃噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ伐浣滃崁(q奴)闅ㄦ檪(sh铆)鍙敤銆傛墜鍐婃噳(y墨ng)閲濆皪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑闇�瑕�,涓昏鍖呮嫭浣嗕笉闄愪簬浠ヤ笅骞炬柟闈�:
鐢熺墿鍗遍毆(xi菐n);
娑堥槻;
闆绘埃瀹夊叏;
鍖栧(xu茅)鍝佸畨鍏�;
杓诲皠;
鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗╄檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆,銆�
瀹夊叏鎵嬪唺鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶅緸宸ヤ綔鍗�(q奴)鎾ら洟鍜屼簨浠惰檿鐞嗚(gu墨)绋嬫湁瑭崇窗(x矛)瑾槑,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ鐞嗗堡鎳�(y墨ng)鑷冲皯姣忓勾灏嶅畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐婅⿻瀵╁拰鏇存柊銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑鍏跺畠鏈夌敤鐨勪俊鎭締婧愰倓鍖呮嫭銆堜絾涓嶉檺浜庛�夊(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ秹鍙婄殑鎵�鏈夋潗鏂欑殑瀹夊叏鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍠�,鏁欑鏇稿拰娆�(qu谩n)濞佹�ч洔蹇楁枃绔犵瓑鍙冭�冭硣鏂�,銆�
9.6 瑷橀寗
9.6.1 鑱锋キ(y猫)鎬х柧鐥�,銆佸偡瀹冲拰涓嶅埄浜嬩欢瑷橀寗
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夋(j墨)鍒惰閷勫苟鍫�(b脿o)鍛婅伔妤�(y猫)鎬х柧鐥呫�佸偡瀹�,銆佷笉鍒╀簨浠舵垨浜嬫晠浠ュ強鎵�閲囧彇鐨勭浉鎳�(y墨ng)琛屽嫊,鍚屾檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)灏婇噸鍊�(g猫)浜烘(j墨)瀵�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)淇濇寔浜哄摗鍩硅〒(x霉n)瑷橀寗銆傛噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭灏嶆瘡涓�鍝″伐鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ寚灏�(d菐o)鍜屽畨鍏ㄩ爯(y霉)鍌欑媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫勾搴︽洿鏂拌硣鏂�,銆�
9.6.2 鍗卞瑭曚及瑷橀寗
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夋寮忕殑鍗卞瑭曚及楂旂郴,銆傚彲鍒╃敤瀹夊叏妾㈡煡琛ㄥ皪鍗卞瑭曚及閬庣▼瑷橀寗鍙婃枃浠� 鍖�,銆傚畨鍏ㄥ鏍歌閷勫拰浜嬩欢瓒ㄥ嫝鍒嗘瀽瑷橀寗鏈夊姪浜庡埗瀹氬拰閲囧彇瑁�(b菙)鏁戞帾鏂�,銆�
9.6.3鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗╄閷�
鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗╄檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆瑷橀寗鎳�(y墨ng)鏄畨鍏ㄨ▓(j矛)鍔冪殑涓�鍊�(g猫)绲勬垚閮ㄥ垎,銆傚嵄闅�(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗╄檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆銆佸嵄瀹宠⿻浼�,銆佸畨鍏ㄨ(di脿o)鏌ヨ閷勫拰鎵�閲囧彇鐨勭浉鎳�(y墨ng)琛屽嫊瑷橀寗鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夋湁闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑鏈熼檺淇濆瓨骞跺彲鏌ラ柋,銆�
9.6.4 鍗遍毆(xi菐n)妯�(bi膩o)璀�
鎳�(y墨ng)绯荤当(t菕ng)鑰屾竻鏅板湴妯�(bi膩o)璀樺嚭鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鍗�(q奴),涓旈仼鐢ㄤ簬鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)銆傚湪鏌愪簺鎯呮硜涓�,瀹滃悓鏅�(sh铆)浣跨敤妯�(bi膩o)瑷樺拰鐗╄唱(zh矛)灞忛殰妯�(bi膩o)璀樺嚭鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鍗�(q奴),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)娓呮鍦版(bi膩o)璀樺湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ垨?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)鍌欎笂浣跨敤鐨勫叿楂斿嵄闅�(xi菐n)鏉愭枡,銆�
閫氬悜宸ヤ綔鍗�(q奴)鐨勬墍鏈夐��(j矛n)鍑哄彛閮芥噳(y墨ng)妯�(bi膩o)鏄庡瓨鍦ㄥ叾涓殑鍗遍毆(xi菐n)銆傚挨鍏舵噳(y墨ng)娉ㄦ剰鐏毆(xi菐n)浠ュ強鏄撶噧,銆佹湁姣�,銆佹斁灏勬�с�佹湁瀹冲拰鐢熺墿鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鏉愭枡,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ鐞嗗堡鎳�(y墨ng)璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅)瀹氭湡瑭曞鍜屾洿鏂板嵄闅�(xi菐n)妯�(bi膩o)璀樼郴绲�(t菕ng)浠ョ⒑淇濆叾閬╃敤鐝�(xi脿n)鏈夌殑鍗遍毆(xi菐n),銆傝┎娲诲嫊姣忓勾鎳�(y墨ng)鑷冲皯閫�(j矛n)琛屼竴娆°��
鎳�(y墨ng)浣挎秹鍙婄殑闈炲(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ摗宸�(濡傜董璀�(h霉)浜哄摗,銆佸悎鍚屾柟,銆佸垎鍖呮柟)鐭ラ亾鍏跺彲鑳介亣鍒扮殑浠讳綍鍗遍毆(xi菐n)銆�
鍝″伐鎳�(y墨ng)鍙楀煿瑷�(x霉n),鐔熸倝骞舵湁闂�(gu膩n)浜庣穵鎬ョ▼搴忕殑灏堢敤鏇搁潰鎸囧皫(d菐o),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)妯�(bi膩o)璀樺拰瑭曞灏嶅瓡濠﹀仴搴峰拰鏄撴劅浜哄摗鐨勬經鍦ㄥ嵄闅�(xi菐n),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)閫�(j矛n)琛屽嵄瀹宠⿻浼板苟瑷橀寗銆�
9.6.5 浜嬩欢,銆佸偡瀹�,銆佷簨鏁呭拰鑱锋キ(y猫)鎬х柧鐥呯殑鍫�(b脿o)鍛�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鏈夌▼搴忓牨(b脿o)鍛婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や簨浠躲�佸偡瀹�,銆佷簨鏁�,銆佽伔妤�(y猫)鎬х柧鐥呬互鍙婃經鍦ㄥ嵄闅�(xi菐n)銆�
鎵�鏈変簨浠�(鍖呮嫭鍌峰)鍫�(b脿o)鍛婃噳(y墨ng)褰㈡垚鏂囦欢,鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭浜嬩欢鐨勮┏绱�(x矛)鎻忚堪,銆佸師鍥犺⿻浼�,銆侀爯(y霉)闃查浼间簨浠剁櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑寤鸿浠ュ強鐐哄(sh铆)鏂藉缓璀版墍閲囧彇鐨勬帾鏂姐��
浜嬩欢鍫�(b脿o)鍛�(鍖呮嫭瑁�(b菙)鏁戞帾鏂�)鎳�(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)楂樺堡绠＄悊鑰�,銆佸畨鍏ㄥ鍝℃渻鎴�?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄨ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜鸿⿻瀵�,銆�
9.7 鍩硅〒(x霉n)
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)淇濊瓑灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鏈夌浉闂�(gu膩n)浜哄摗鍖呮嫭閬�(y霉n)杓稿拰娓呮綌鍝″伐绛夊伐浣滀汉鍝″畨鍏ㄥ煿瑷�(x霉n)瑷�(j矛)鍔冪殑瀵�(sh铆)鏂姐�傚煿瑷�(x霉n)鎳�(y墨ng)寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)瀹夊叏宸ヤ綔琛岀偤,銆�
涓�闋�(xi脿ng)鍏ㄩ潰鐨勫煿瑷�(x霉n)瑷�(j矛)鍔冨浜庢浉闈㈢殑瑕�(gu墨)鍔�,鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭灏嶆柊鍝″伐鐨勬寚灏�(d菐o)浠ュ強灏嶆湁缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍝″伐鐨勫懆鏈熸�у啀鍩硅〒(x霉n),銆傛噳(y墨ng)瑕佹眰鍝″伐鍦ㄦ煇涓�闋�(l菒ng)鍩熷伐浣滃墠闁辫畝閬╃敤鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐娿�傚摗宸ユ噳(y墨ng)鏇搁潰纰鸿獚(r猫n)鍏跺凡鎺ュ彈閫犵暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鍛愬槫?x霉n),闁辫畝骞剁悊瑙ｄ簡瀹夊叏鎵嬪唺,鍖呮嫭鍏跺煼(zh铆)琛屾棩鏈�,銆�
涓�闋�(xi脿ng)瀹夊叏鍩硅〒(x霉n)瑷�(j矛)鍔冭嚦灏戣鏈夋秷闃插拰闋�(y霉)鍌欑媭鎱�(t脿i)銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍜屾斁灏勫畨鍏�,銆佺敓鐗╁嵄闅�(xi菐n)鍜屽偝鏌撻爯(y霉)闃�,銆傝绋嬫噳(y墨ng)鎸夌収鍝″伐鐨勫礂浣嶅埗瀹�,鎳�(y墨ng)閬╃暥(d膩ng)鑰冩叜鎳峰瓡,銆佸厤鐤己闄峰拰韬珨娈橀殰鎯呮硜銆傛噳(y墨ng)鏈変竴濂楃郴绲�(t菕ng)瑭曚及姣忓��(g猫)鍝″伐灏嶆彁渚涚郸鍏朵俊鎭殑鐞嗚В鍔�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)淇濊瓑鍏ㄩ珨浜哄摗鍙楅亷鎬ユ晳鍩硅〒(x霉n)||,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鎻愪緵鐗╁搧鍜岀▼搴忎互娓涘皯娑夊強娼涘湪鍌虫煋鎬ф潗鏂欍�佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佹垨鏈夊鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勪笉鍒╀綔鐢ㄥ拰浜嬩欢鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夋晳娌绘寚鍗�,蹇呰鏅�(sh铆),閭勬噳(y墨ng)鏈夎垏瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鍙兘閬囧埌鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)鐩搁仼鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勭穵鎬ラ啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)铏曠悊鎺柦,銆傛墍鏈夊摗宸ユ噳(y墨ng)鐔熸倝琚埡鍌峰悗鎵�鍩�(zh铆)琛岀殑绋嬪簭銆�9.8鍊�(g猫)浜鸿铂(z茅)浠�
9.8.1椋熷搧,銆侀２鏂欏強椤炰技鐗╁搧
椋熷搧,銆侀２鏂欏強椤炰技鐗╁搧鍙噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄦ寚瀹氱殑鍗�(q奴)鍩熶腑婧�(zh菙n)鍌欏拰椋熺敤銆傞鍝佸拰椋叉枡鍙噳(y墨ng)瀛樻斁浜庨潪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ崁(q奴)鍩熷収(n猫i)鎸囧畾鐨勫皥鐢ㄨ檿,銆傚啺绠辨噳(y墨ng)閬╃暥(d膩ng)妯�(bi膩o)瑷樹互鏄庣⒑鍏惰(gu墨)瀹氱敤閫�,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)绂佹鍚哥厵銆�
9.8.2 鍖栧鏅�,銆佺櫦(f膩),銆佺彔瀵�
绂佹鍦ㄥ伐浣滃崁(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)浣跨敤鍖栧鍝佸拰铏曠悊闅卞舰鐪奸彙銆�
闀风櫦(f膩)鎳�(y墨ng)鏉熷湪鑵﹀悗,銆傚湪宸ヤ綔鍗�(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)涓嶆噳(y墨ng)閰嶅付鎴掓寚,銆佽�崇挵(hu谩n)銆佽厱琛�,銆佹墜閷�,銆侀爡(xi脿ng)閺堝拰鍏跺畠鐝犲銆�
9.8.3 鍏嶇柅鐙�鎱�(t脿i)
鎵�鏈夊(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滀汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)鎺ュ彈鍏嶇柅浠ラ爯(y霉)闃插叾鍙兘琚墍鎺ヨЦ鐨勭敓鐗╁洜瀛愭劅鏌�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鎸夋湁闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氫繚瀛樺厤鐤閷�,銆�
灏嶄竴鐗瑰畾瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑鍏嶇柅瑷�(j矛)鍔冩噳(y墨ng)鏍规摎(j霉)鏂囦欢鍖栫殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ偝鏌撳嵄瀹宠⿻浼板拰鍦版柟鍏叡琛�(w猫i)鐢熼儴闁�鐨勫缓璀板埗瀹氥��
9.8.4 鍊�(g猫)浜虹墿鍝�
鍊�(g猫)浜虹墿鍝�,銆佹湇瑁濆拰鍖栧鍝佷笉鎳�(y墨ng)鏀惧湪鏈夎(gu墨)瀹氱鏀剧殑鍜屽彲鑳界櫦(f膩)鐢熸薄鏌撶殑鍗�(q奴)鍩�,銆�
10.鑹ソ鍏�(n猫i)鍕�(w霉)琛岀偤
鎳�(y墨ng)鎸囧畾灏堜汉鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｄ繚鎸佽壇濂藉収(n猫i)鍕�(w霉)鐨勮鐐恒�傚伐浣滃崁(q奴)鎳�(y墨ng)鏅�(sh铆)鍒讳繚鎸佹暣娼旀湁搴�,銆傜姝㈠湪宸ヤ綔鍫存墍瀛樻斁鍙兘灏�(d菐o)鑷撮樆绀欏拰绲嗗�掑嵄闅�(xi菐n)鐨勫ぇ閲忎竴娆℃�ф潗鏂�,銆�
鎵�鏈夌敤浜庤檿鐞嗘薄鏌撴�ф潗鏂欑殑瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏拰宸ヤ綔琛ㄩ潰鍦ㄦ瘡鐝伐浣滅祼(ji茅)鏉熴�佹湁浠讳綍婕忓嚭鎴栫櫦(f膩)鐢熶簡鍏跺畠姹℃煋鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑴戝櫗鈹ｉ崸宓戞嫋顛ｅ敖?span>
灏嶆紡鍑虹殑妯ｆ湰,銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝�,銆佹斁灏勬�ф牳绱犳垨鍩归(y菐ng)鐗╂噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄩⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)瑭曚及鍚庢竻闄ゅ苟灏嶆秹鍙婂崁(q奴)鍩熷幓姹℃煋銆傛竻闄ゆ檪(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤缍�(j墨ng)鏍告簴(zh菙n)鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ爯(y霉)闃叉帾鏂�,銆佸畨鍏ㄦ柟娉曞拰鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷,銆�
鍏�(n猫i)鍕�(w霉)琛岀偤鏀硅畩鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鍫�(b脿o)鍛婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜轰互纰轰繚閬垮厤鐧�(f膩)鐢熺劇鎰忚瓨鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鎴栧嵄闅�(xi菐n)銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ鐐�,銆佸伐浣滅繏(x铆)鎱ｆ垨鏉愭枡鏀硅畩鍙兘灏嶅収(n猫i)鍕�(w霉)鍜�(鎴�)缍(h霉)浜哄摗鏈夋經鍦ㄥ嵄闅�(xi菐n)鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)鍫�(b脿o)鍛婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜�,骞舵浉闈㈠憡鐭ュ収(n猫i)鍕�(w霉)鍜岀董璀�(h霉)浜哄摗鐨勭鐞嗚��,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍒跺畾鍦ㄧ櫦(f膩)鐢熶簨鏁呮垨婕忓嚭灏�(d菐o)鑷寸敓鐗�,銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鎴栨斁灏勬�ф薄鏌撴檪(sh铆),瑷�(sh猫)鍌欎繚椁�(y菐ng)鎴栦慨鐞嗕箣鍓嶅皪姣忎欢瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏幓姹℃煋銆佸噲鍖栧拰娑堟瘨鐨勫皥鐢ㄨ(gu墨)绋�,銆�
11.瀹夊叏宸ヤ綔琛岀偤
11.1 娲楁墜
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滀汉鍝″湪瀵�(sh铆)闅涙垨鍙兘鎺ヨЦ浜嗚娑�,銆侀珨娑叉垨鍏跺畠姹℃煋鏉愭枡鍚�,鍗充娇鎴存湁鎵嬪涔熸噳(y墨ng)绔嬪嵆娲楁墜
鎽橀櫎鎵嬪鍚庛�佷娇鐢ㄨ(w猫i)鐢熼枔鍓嶅悗,銆侀洟闁嬪(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ墠,銆侀��(j矛n)椋熸垨鍚哥厵鍓嶃�佹帴瑙告瘡涓�鎮ｈ�呭墠鍚庢噳(y墨ng)渚嬭娲楁墜
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鐐洪亷鏁忔垨?q奴)未鎵库敨顛ｇ棄鏍忕槑鈹叉濂跺帴楗ｎ嚡琛旈晧琛呮笇顝傜；?y墨ng)鐨勫伐浣滀汉鍝℃彁渚涙礂鎵嬬敤鐨勬浛浠ｅ搧,銆�
娲楁墜姹犱笉寰楃敤浜庡叾瀹冪洰鐨�,銆傚湪闄愬埗浣跨敤娲楁墜姹犵殑鍦伴粸(di菐n),浣跨敤鍩轰簬涔欓唶鐨�"鐒℃按"鎵嬮儴娓呮綌鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佹槸鍙互鎺ュ彈鐨勬浛浠ｆ柟寮忋��
11.2 鎺ヨЦ鐢熺墿婧愭�ф潗鏂欑殑瀹夊叏宸ヤ綔琛岀偤
铏曠悊,銆佹椹�(y脿n)鍜岃檿缃敓鐗╂簮鎬ф潗鏂欑殑瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬拰绋嬪簭鎳�(y墨ng)鍒╃敤鑹ソ寰敓鐗╄鐐烘(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n),銆�
宸ヤ綔琛岀偤鎳�(y墨ng)鍙檷浣庢薄鏌撶殑棰�(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)銆傚煼(zh铆)琛屾薄鏌撳崁(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鐨勫伐浣滆鐐烘噳(y墨ng)鍙爯(y霉)闃插��(g猫)浜烘毚闇�,銆�
濡傛灉妯ｆ湰鍦ㄦ敹鍒版檪(sh铆)鏈夋悕澹炴垨娉勬紡,鎳�(y墨ng)鐢辩┛钁楀��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷涔嬪彈閬庡煿瑷�(x霉n)鐨勪汉鍝￠枊鍟熸ǎ鏈互闃叉婕忓嚭鎴栫敘(ch菐n)鐢熸埃婧惰啝,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄧ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍏�(n猫i)闁嬪暉姝ら瀹瑰櫒銆傚鏋滄薄鏌撻亷閲忔垨瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘ǎ鏈湁涓嶅彲鎺ュ彈鐨勬悕澹�,鍓囨噳(y墨ng)灏囨ǎ鏈畨鍏ㄥ湴寤㈡鑰屽嬁闁嬪暉,銆�
绂佹鍙ｅ惛绉绘恫,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍩硅〒(x霉n)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滀汉鍝″畨鍏ㄦ搷浣滃皷鍒╁櫒鍏峰強瑁濈疆銆�
绂佹鐢ㄦ墜灏嶄换浣曞埄鍣ㄥ壀,銆佸綆,銆佹姌鏂枫�侀噸鏂版埓濂楁垨寰炴敞灏勫櫒涓婄Щ鍘婚嚌闋�,銆傚畨鍏ㄥ伐浣滆鐐烘噳(y墨ng)鐩″彲鑳芥笡灏戜娇鐢ㄥ埄鍣ㄥ拰鐩￠噺浣跨敤鏇夸唬鍝�,銆�
鍖呮嫭閲濋牠銆佺幓鐠�,銆佷竴娆℃�ф墜琛�(sh霉)鍒�鍦ㄥ収(n猫i)鐨勫埄鍣ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄥ悗绔嬪嵆鏀惧湪鑰愭墡瀹瑰櫒涓�,銆傚皷鍒╃墿瀹瑰櫒鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄥ収(n猫i)瀹圭墿閬�(d谩)鍒颁笁鍒嗕箣浜屽墠缃彌銆�
鎵�鏈夋ǎ鏈�,銆佸煿椁�(y菐ng)鐗╁拰寤㈡鐗╂噳(y墨ng)琚亣瀹氬惈鏈夊偝鏌撴�х敓鐗╁洜瀛�,鎳�(y墨ng)浠ュ畨鍏ㄦ柟寮忚檿鐞嗗拰铏曠疆,銆�
鎵�鏈夋湁娼涘湪鍌虫煋鎬ф垨姣掓�х殑璩�(zh矛)閲忔帶鍒跺拰鍙冭�冪墿璩�(zh矛)鍦ㄥ瓨鏀俱�佽檿鐞嗗拰浣跨敤鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夋湭鐭ラⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鐨勬ǎ鏈皪寰�,銆�
鎿嶄綔妯ｆ湰,銆佽娓呮垨鍩归(y菐ng)鐗╃殑鍏ㄩ亷绋嬫噳(y墨ng)绌挎埓閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)閭ｆ洺顛у贩L(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)绱氬垾鐨勫��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷銆�
鎿嶄綔瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鍕曠墿鎳�(y墨ng)绌挎埓鑰愭姄鍜�,銆侀槻姘村��(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)鏈嶅拰鎵嬪;鎳�(y墨ng)鎴撮仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鎷垮▽?銆佺溂閮ㄩ槻璀�(h霉)瑁濈疆,蹇呰鏅�(sh铆),澧炲姞鍛煎惛闃茶(h霉);鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄧ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鍏�(n猫i)鎿嶄綔銆�
鎽橀櫎鎵嬪鍚庝竴瀹氳寰瑰簳娲楁墜,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鏈�濂介噰鐢ㄩ浕瀛愮伡鐕掓粎鑿岃缃皪寰敓鐗╂帴绋挵(hu谩n)婊呰弻,銆�
11.3 姘ｆ憾鑶�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滆鐐虹殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜屽煼(zh铆)琛屾噳(y墨ng)鑳芥笡灏戜汉鍝℃帴瑙稿寲瀛�(xu茅)鎴栫敓鐗╂簮鎬ф湁瀹虫埃姒曡啝,銆�
妯ｆ湰鍙噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄦ湁钃嬪畨鍏ㄧ僵鍏�(n猫i)闆㈠績銆�
鎵�鏈夐��(j矛n)琛岀娴佹敧鎷岀殑妯ｆ湰鎳�(y墨ng)缃簬鏈夎搵瀹瑰櫒鍏�(n猫i),銆�
鍦ㄨ兘鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熸埃婧惰啝鐨勫ぇ鍨嬪垎鏋愯ō(sh猫)鍌欎笂鎳�(y墨ng)浣跨敤灞�閮ㄩ�氶ⅷ(f膿ng)闃茶(h霉),鍦ㄦ搷浣滃皬鍨嬪剙鍣ㄦ檪(sh铆)浣跨敤瀹氬埗鐨勬帓姘ｇ僵銆�
鍦ㄥ彲鑳藉嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鏈夊姘ｉ珨鍜岀敓鐗╂簮鎬ф埃婧惰啝鐨勫湴鏂规噳(y墨ng)閲囧彇灞�閮ㄦ帓棰�(f膿ng)鎺柦,銆�
椋奸(y菐ng),銆佹搷浣滃嫊鐗╂噳(y墨ng)鍦ㄩ仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑶父闀岃懕瑭洪鑻闃茶(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍌欎腑閫�(j矛n)琛�,宸ヤ綔浜哄摗鎳�(y墨ng)鍚屾檪(sh铆)浣跨敤閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑶偓(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑷�(sh猫)鍌欍��
鏈夊姘ｆ憾鑶犱笉寰楃洿鎺ユ帓鏀�,銆�
鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌�,銆佸畨鍏ㄧ僵
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ摗宸ユ帴瑙稿嵄瀹崇瓑绱�I鍜�H鐨勫牬鎵�,鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滃収(n猫i)鐨勭┖姘ｅ湪鎺掓斁鍓嶅彧瑕侀�氶亷楂樻晥閬庢烤鍣ㄥ彲浠ュ啀寰挵(hu谩n);鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ摗宸ユ帴瑙稿彲鑳芥湁鍗卞绛夌礆鐢版垨浠ヤ笂鐨勭敓鐗╁洜瀛愮殑鍫存墍,绂佹灏囩┖姘ｅ啀寰挵(hu谩n)銆傚嫊鐗╁(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ姝㈠皣绌烘埃鍐嶅惊鐠�(hu谩n),銆�
灏嶄簬鏂板畨瑁濈殑鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌滃拰瀹夊叏缃╁強鍏堕珮鏁堥亷婵惧櫒鐨勫畨瑁濊垏鏇存彌,鎳�(y墨ng)鐢辨湁璩囨牸鐨勪汉鍝￠��(j矛n)琛�,瀹夎鎴栨洿鎻涘悗鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夌収缍�(j墨ng)纰鸿獚(r猫n)鐨勬柟娉曢��(j矛n)琛岀従(xi脿n)鍫寸敓鐗╁拰鐗╃悊鐨勬娓�,骞舵瘡骞撮��(j矛n)琛岄(y脿n)璀�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鏅�(sh铆)甯哥洠(ji膩n)娓敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖浠ョ⒑淇濆叾瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鎬ц兘鑳藉绗﹀悎鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰銆傛噳(y墨ng)淇濆瓨妾㈡煡瑷橀寗鍜屼换浣曞姛鑳芥�ф脯瑭︾祼(ji茅)鏋�,銆傚湪瀹夊叏鏌滀笂鎳�(y墨ng)鏈変綔鐐烘鏌ヨ瓑鏄庣殑妯�(bi膩o)瑷�,銆�
鎵�鐢ㄧ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖鐨勬斁缃�佽ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜岄鍨嬫噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎瀹夊叏宸ヤ綔鎵�瑕佹眰鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)闃茶(h霉)绱氬垾,銆�
鎵�鏈夌敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ煖涔嬩娇鐢ㄦ柟寮忔噳(y墨ng)閬垮厤闄嶄綆鍏跺姛鑳�,銆�
鐢熺墿瀹夊叏鏌溿�佸寲瀛�(xu茅)瀹夊叏缃╃殑閫氶ⅷ(f膿ng)鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎寰敓鐗╁拰(鎴�)鍖栧(xu茅)鐨勯ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)绱氬垾鍙婄鍚堝畨鍏ㄨ姹�,銆�
12.鍖栧(xu茅)鍝佸畨鍏�
鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑,灏嶅寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佺殑瀛樻斁,銆佽檿鐞嗐�佷娇鐢ㄥ強铏曠疆鐨勮(gu墨)瀹氬拰绋嬪簭鍧囨噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鑹ソ鍖栧(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ鐐烘(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鎸夌収鐩搁棞(gu膩n)妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍦ㄦ瘡鍊�(g猫)鍎插瓨瀹瑰櫒涓婃(bi膩o)鏄庢瘡鍊�(g猫)鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鍗卞鎬ц唱(zh矛)鍜岄ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鎬�,閭勬噳(y墨ng)鍦�"浣跨敤涓�"鏉愭枡鐨勫鍣ㄤ笂娓呮妯�(bi膩o)鏄�,銆�
灏嶅寲瀛�(xu茅)銆佺墿鐞嗗強鐏伣(z膩i)鍗卞鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎冻澶犲彲琛岀殑鎺у埗鎺柦,銆傛噳(y墨ng)瀹氭湡灏嶉�欎簺鎺柦閫�(j矛n)琛岀洠(ji膩n)鐫ｄ互纰轰繚鍏舵湁鏁堝彲鐢�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)淇濆瓨鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｇ祼(ji茅)鏋滆閷勩��鎳�(y墨ng)瑕佹眰鎵�鏈変汉鍝℃寜瀹夊叏鎿嶄綔瑕�(gu墨)绋嬪伐浣�,鍖呮嫭浣跨敤琚獚(r猫n)鐐洪仼鐢ㄤ簬鎵�寰炰簨宸ヤ綔鐨勫畨鍏ㄨ鍌欐垨瑁濈疆,銆�
灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鎵�鐢ㄧ殑姣忕ó鍖栧(xu茅)鍒跺搧鐨勫虎妫勫拰瀹夊叏铏曠疆鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夋槑纰虹殑鏇搁潰绋嬪簭,銆傚叾鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭灏嶇浉闂�(gu膩n)娉曡(gu墨)鐨勫厖鍒嗗強瑭崇窗(x矛)瑾槑,浠ヤ繚璀夊畬鍏ㄧ鍚堝叾瑕佹眰,浣块�欎簺鐗╄唱(zh矛)瀹夊叏鍙婂悎娉曞湴鑴洟瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ帶鍒躲��
13.鏀惧皠瀹夊叏
鍦ㄦ壒婧�(zh菙n)浣跨敤鏀惧皠鎬ф牳绱犱箣鍓�,瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)灏嶄娇鐢ㄧ殑鐞嗙敱-闄愬害鍜屽湴榛�(di菐n)閫�(j矛n)琛岃⿻浼�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)淇濆瓨鍏呭垎鐨勬斁灏勬�ф牳绱犵殑鐛插彇,銆佷娇鐢ㄥ拰铏曠疆瑷橀寗銆傛墍鏈夋斁灏勬�у寲瀛�(xu茅)鍝佺殑瀛樻斁鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夊叏鍙婁繚闅�(xi菐n),銆�
鎵�鏈夋搷浣滄垨鎺ヨЦ鏀惧皠鎬ф牳绱犵殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)鎺ュ彈鏀惧皠鎬у熀绀�(ch菙)鐭ヨ瓨,銆佺浉闂�(gu膩n)鎶�琛�(sh霉)鍜屾斁灏勬�ч槻璀�(h霉)鐨勬寚灏�(d菐o)鍜屽煿瑷�(x霉n),鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鏀惧皠鎬у畨鍏ㄨ(gu墨)瀹氬拰绋嬪簭銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鏈夐仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)?銆佹豢瓒冲伐浣滈渶瑕佺殑鏇搁潰妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鎿嶄綔绋嬪簭鍜岀浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬硶瑕�(gu墨),銆�
绋嬪簭鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭娓呮鐨勪綔妤�(y猫)鎸囧皫(d菐o)鏇�,鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄦ斁灏勬�ф牳绱犵殑鍦版柟鎳�(y墨ng)閲嶉粸(di菐n)椤ず鐨勪綔妤�(y猫)鎸囧皫(d菐o)鏇镐箣鎽樿,鍦ㄥ嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鏀惧皠鎬т簨鏁呭拰婕忓嚭鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇琛屽嫊鐨勮┏绱�(x矛)瑾槑,銆�
绋嬪簭鎳�(y墨ng)瑭崇窗(x矛)瑾槑瀹夊叏铏曠疆涓嶇敤鐨勬斁灏勬�ф潗鏂欍�佽垏鏀惧皠鎬ф潗鏂欑浉娣峰悎鐨勬垨鍙楀叾姹℃煋鐨勬潗鏂欑殑鏂规硶,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍏ず缍�(j墨ng)閬庢壒婧�(zh菙n)鐨勮鍛婂拰绂佹妯�(bi膩o)蹇�,銆�
寰炰簨鏀惧皠鎬у伐浣滅殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)鍚戠浉闂�(gu膩n)涓荤閮ㄩ杸寰佽鏈夐棞(gu膩n)鏀惧皠鎬ч槻璀�(h霉)琛岀偤鍜屾硶寰嬭姹傜殑寤鸿,鍖呮嫭灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌欐(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勬墍鏈夎姹�,骞跺埗瀹氶仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鎷囪儳鈹恄淇濋伒瀹堛��
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)浠诲懡涓�鍚嶆斁灏勯槻璀�(h霉)瀹夊叏鍝�,鍏惰矤(f霉)鏈夎ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛),銆佸煼(zh铆)琛屽強缍(h霉)鍙搷浣滄�ф斁灏勯槻璀�(h霉)瑷�(j矛)鍔冪殑灏堥杸璨�(z茅)浠�,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ噳(y墨ng)浠诲懡鑻ュ共鏀惧皠闃茶(h霉)鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｅ摗鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｆ棩甯歌垏闆㈠瓙杓诲皠鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勫伐浣�,浠ヤ繚璀夊煼(zh铆)琛岃壇濂芥斁灏勬�ц鐐恒��
鎳�(y墨ng)鍒跺畾绯荤当(t菕ng)鎬х洠(ji膩n)鐫ｈ▓(j矛)鍔冧互淇濊瓑灏嶅伐浣滃牬鎵�閫�(j矛n)琛屽叏闈㈠強缍�(j墨ng)甯告�х洠(ji膩n)鐫�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)淇濆瓨鐩�(ji膩n)鐫ｈ閷�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鍒跺畾骞跺(sh铆)鏂藉父瑕�(gu墨)娓呮綌鍜屽幓姹℃煋瑕�(gu墨)绋嬨��
鎳�(y墨ng)瀹氭湡瑭曞鏀惧皠鎬ф牳绱犵殑浣跨敤鎯呮硜,缍�(j墨ng)甯哥洠(ji膩n)鐫ｅ伐浣滆鐐哄苟鍙婃檪(sh铆)鏇存柊,銆傝(b菙)鏁戞帾鏂芥垨绋嬪簭鎬ц畩鍖栨噳(y墨ng)瑷橀寗骞舵寜鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑鏈熼檺淇濆瓨.鏀惧皠娲绘�у虎鐗╂噳(y墨ng)鏈夋(bi膩o)蹇楀苟瀛樻斁鍦ㄥ皥鐢ㄤ簬姝ょ洰鐨勪箣瀹夊叏涓旈槻杓诲皠鐨勫劜瀛樺韩,銆傚湪姣忓��(g猫)闇�妫勭疆鐨勫寘瑁濅笂鎳�(y墨ng)娓呮鍦拌鏄庨ⅷ(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n)鐨勬�ц唱(zh矛)鍜岀▼搴︺�傚劜瀛樺強铏曠疆鎳�(y墨ng)閬靛畧鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹�,銆�
14.绱绶氬拰婵�鍏夊厜婧�(鍖呮嫭楂樺挤(qi谩ng)搴﹀厜婧愮殑鍏夌窔)
鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄧ传澶栫窔鍜屾縺鍏夊厜婧愮殑鍫存墍,鎳�(y墨ng)鎻愪緵閬╃敤涓斿厖鍒嗙殑鍊�(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷,鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夐仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑷�?bi膩o)璀樺叕绀�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鐐哄畨鍏ㄤ娇鐢ㄨō(sh猫)鍌欐彁渚涘煿瑷�(x霉n)銆傞�欎簺鍏夋簮鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬鍏惰ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐩殑,銆�
15.闆绘埃瑷�(sh猫)鍌�
闆绘埃瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鍙婂埗閫犳噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瀹夊叏妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鐨勮姹�,銆傜偤纰轰繚瀹夊叏,鏌愪簺瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐噳(y墨ng)閫ｆ帴鍌欑敤闆绘簮銆�
鏂扮殑,銆佹敼瑁濋亷鐨勬垨淇悊閬庣殑闆绘埃瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏湪鏈稉(j墨ng)鍚堟牸鐨勪汉鍝�(濡傛湁璩囪唱(zh矛)鐨勯浕宸ユ垨鐢熺墿閱�(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)宸ョ▼甯�)瀹屾垚闆绘埃瀹夊叏娓│鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌欑鍚堝畨鍏ㄤ娇鐢ㄨ姹備箣鍓�,涓嶅厑瑷变娇鐢�,銆�
闆绘埃瑷�(sh猫)鍌欎娇鐢ㄤ汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)鎺ュ彈姝ｇ⒑鎿嶄綔鐨勫煿瑷�(x霉n),鎿嶄綔鏂瑰紡鎳�(y墨ng)涓嶉檷浣庨浕姘ｅ畨鍏ㄦ�с�傞浕姘ｈō(sh猫)鍌欎娇鐢ㄤ汉鍝℃噳(y墨ng)瀹氭湡妾㈡煡瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑殑鍙兘寮曡捣闆绘埃鏁呴殰涔嬬牬鎼�,銆傚彧鏈夊悎鏍肩殑浜哄摗瑷卞彲寰炰簨闆绘埃瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏拰闆昏矾宸ヤ綔,銆傜姝㈡湭缍�(j墨ng)鎺堟瑠(qu谩n)鐨勫伐浣溿��
鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇鎺柦灏嶈ō(sh猫)鍌欏幓姹℃煋浠ユ笡灏戠董璀�(h霉)浜哄摗鍙楀寲瀛�(xu茅)鎴栫敓鐗╂�ф薄鏌撶殑棰�(f膿ng)闅�(xi菐n),銆�
16.闃茬伀
寤虹瓚闃茬伀瑕�(gu墨)鏍兼噳(y墨ng)浠ュ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゆ墍鍚嵄闅�(xi菐n)鐨勯鍨嬭�屽畾,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鎸囧畾涓诲嚭鍙ｈ矾绶氥�傛噳(y墨ng)鍌欐湁杓斿姪鍑哄彛纰轰繚浜哄摗鍙緸瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ畨鍏ㄦ挙闆�,銆傛寚瀹氱殑娑堥槻鍑哄彛鎳�(y墨ng)閫氬悜闃茬伀鍗�(q奴),銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄦ垨瀛樻斁鍙噧?x矛)鎬弚鎴栨恫楂旂殑鎵�鏈夊(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ崁(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鍌欐湁鑷嫊鐓欓湩鍜岀啽閲忔帰娓強鍫�(b脿o)璀︾郴绲�(t菕ng)銆傛噳(y墨ng)瀹氭湡妾㈡脯鍫�(b脿o)璀︾郴绲�(t菕ng)浠ョ⒑淇濆叾鍔熻兘姝ｅ父骞朵娇鎵�鏈変汉鍝＄啛鐭ュ叾閬�(y霉n)琛�,銆�
鎳�(y墨ng)灏嶅(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ伐浣滀汉鍝″強寤虹瓚鐗╁収(n猫i)鎵�鏈変汉鍝￠��(j矛n)琛屾秷闃叉寚灏�(d菐o)鍜屽煿瑷�(x霉n),銆傚収(n猫i)瀹瑰寘鎷�:
鐏毆(xi菐n)鐨勮瓨鍒ュ強瑭曚及;
鍒跺畾娓涘皯鐏毆(xi菐n)鐨勮▓(j矛)鍔�;
澶辩伀鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇鐨勫叏閮ㄨ鍕曘��
鐝�(xi脿n)鍫存噳(y墨ng)閰嶅倷绗﹀悎鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰鐨勯仼鐣�(d膩ng)瑷�(sh猫)鍌欑敤浜庢挷婊呭彲鎺у埗鐨勭伀鐏�(z膩i)鍙婂公鍔╀汉鍝℃挙闆㈢伀鍫�,銆傚(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や汉鍝＄殑璨�(z茅)浠绘槸纰轰繚浜哄摗瀹夊叏鏈夊簭鍦版挙闆㈣�屼笉鏄│鍦栧幓婊呯伀,銆傛噳(y墨ng)灏嬫眰娑堥槻閮ㄩ杸鎻村姪銆�
17.姘寸伣(z膩i)鍜屽叾瀹冭嚜鐒剁伣(z膩i)瀹�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍒跺畾鐏�(z膩i)瀹虫噳(y墨ng)鎬ラ爯(y霉)妗堛�傚鍙兘,鏁戞彺浜哄摗鎳�(y墨ng)浜嬪厛浜嗚В鍗遍毆(xi菐n)鐗╃殑鎬ц唱(zh矛),銆佹暩(sh霉)閲忓拰瀛樻斁浣嶇疆,鎳�(y墨ng)鐔熸倝瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ殑甯冨眬鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌�,銆�
鐣�(d膩ng)閬囨按鐏�(z膩i)銆佸湴闇囨垨鍏跺畠鑷劧鐏�(z膩i)瀹虫檪(sh铆),瑕栧缓绛戠墿鎴�?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ら伃鐮村绋嬪害,鎳�(y墨ng)閲囧彇闅旈洟姹℃煋鍗�(q奴)鍩熷拰姹℃煋婧�,銆佹湁鏁堟秷姣�,銆佺枏鏁ｄ汉鍝＄瓑绶婃�ユ帾鏂姐�傛噳(y墨ng)灏嶅嵄瀹抽��(j矛n)琛岃⿻浼�,骞堕噰鍙栭��(j矛n)涓�姝ユ帾鏂�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鏈夌伣(z膩i)瀹冲牨(b脿o)鍛婂埗搴�,銆�
18.绶婃�ユ挙闆�
鎳�(y墨ng)鍒跺畾绶婃�ユ挙闆㈢殑琛屽嫊瑷�(j矛)鍔冦�傝┎瑷�(j矛)鍔冩噳(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鍒扮敓鐗╂��,銆佸寲瀛�(xu茅)鎬с�佸け鐏拰鍏跺畠绶婃�ユ儏娉�,銆傛噳(y墨ng)鍖呮嫭鎵�閲囧彇鐨勪娇鐣欎笅鐨勫缓绛戠墿铏曚簬鐩″彲鑳藉畨鍏ㄧ媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勬帾鏂�,銆�
鎵�鏈変汉鍝￠兘鎳�(y墨ng)浜嗚В琛屽嫊瑷�(j矛)鍔冦�佹挙闆㈣矾绶氬拰绶婃�ユ挙闆㈢殑闆嗗悎鍦伴粸(di菐n),銆�
鎵�鏈変汉鍝℃瘡骞存噳(y墨ng)鑷冲皯鍙冨姞涓�娆℃紨缈�(x铆),銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)纰轰繚鏈夌敤浜庢�ユ晳鍜岀穵鎬ョ▼搴忕殑瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏湪瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ収(n猫i)鍙緵浣跨敤銆�
19.妯ｆ湰鐨勯亱(y霉n)閫�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹よ矤(f霉)璨�(z茅)浜烘噳(y墨ng)璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅)鐐烘墍鏈夊悜?q奴)宥�?y脿n)瀹ゆ彁浜ゆǎ鏈殑鍦伴粸(di菐n)婧�(zh菙n)鍌欓仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)闂规敼铏炬き鐢樺敖?span>
妯ｆ湰鎳�(y墨ng)缃簬琚壙瑾�(r猫n)鐨勩�佹湰璩�(zh矛)瀹夊叏,銆侀槻婕忕殑瀹瑰櫒涓亱(y霉n)杓�,銆�
妯ｆ湰鍦ㄦ(j墨)妲�(g貌u)鎵�灞缓绛戠墿鍏�(n猫i)閬�(y霉n)閫佹噳(y墨ng)閬靛畧瑭叉(j墨)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ亱(y霉n)杓歌(gu墨)瀹氥�傛ǎ鏈亱(y霉n)閫佸埌姗�(j墨)妲�(g貌u)澶栭儴鎳�(y墨ng)閬靛畧鐝�(xi脿n)琛岀殑鏈夐棞(gu膩n)閬�(y霉n)杓稿彲鍌虫煋鎬у拰鍏跺畠鐢熺墿婧愭�ф潗鏂欑殑娉曡(gu墨),銆�
妯ｆ湰,銆佸煿椁�(y菐ng)鐗╁拰鍏跺畠鐢熺墿鏉愭枡鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ら枔鎴栧叾瀹冩(j墨)妲�(g貌u)闁撶殑閬�(y霉n)閫佹柟寮忔噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勫畨鍏ㄨ(gu墨)瀹氥�傛噳(y墨ng)閬靛畧鍦嬮殯鍜屽湅瀹堕棞(gu膩n)浜庨亾璺�,銆侀惖璺拰姘磋矾閬�(y霉n)杓稿嵄闅�(xi菐n)鏉愭枡鐨勬湁闂�(gu膩n)瑕佹眰,銆�
鎸夊湅瀹舵垨鍦嬮殯妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)瑾�(r猫n)鐐烘槸鍗遍毆(xi菐n)璨ㄧ墿鐨勬潗鏂欐摤閫氶亷鍦嬪収(n猫i)鎴栧湅闅涚┖閬�(y霉n)鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)鍖呰銆佹(bi膩o)瑷樺拰鎻愪緵璩囨枡,骞剁鍚堢従(xi脿n)琛屽湅瀹舵垨鍦嬮殯鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勮姹�,銆�
20.寤㈡鐗╄檿缃�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ虎妫勭墿铏曠疆鐨勭鐞嗘噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪,銆佸湴鍗�(q奴)鎴栧湴鏂圭殑鐩搁棞(gu膩n)瑕佹眰銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ虎妫勭墿绠＄悊鐨勭洰鐨勫涓�:
灏囨搷浣�,銆佹敹闆�,銆侀亱(y霉n)杓搞�佽檿鐞嗗強铏曠疆寤㈡鐗╃殑鍗遍毆(xi菐n)娓涜嚦鏈�灏�;
灏囧叾灏嶇挵(hu谩n)澧冪殑鏈夊浣滅敤娓涜嚦鏈�灏�,銆�
鎵�鏈変笉鍐嶉渶瑕佺殑妯ｆ湰,銆佸煿椁�(y菐ng)鐗╁拰鍏跺畠鐢熺墿鎬ф潗鏂欐噳(y墨ng)妫勭疆浜庡皥闁�瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勩�佸皥鐢ㄧ殑鍜屾湁妯�(bi膩o)瑷樼殑鐢ㄤ簬铏曠疆14鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗╃殑瀹瑰櫒鍏�(n猫i)銆傜敓鐗╁虎妫勭墿瀹瑰櫒鐨勫厖婊块噺涓嶈兘瓒呴亷鍏惰ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)瀹归噺,銆�
鍒╁櫒(鍖呮嫭閲濋牠,銆佸皬鍒�銆侀噾灞拰鐜荤拑绛�)鎳�(y墨ng)鐩存帴妫勭疆浜庤�愭墡瀹瑰櫒鍏�(n猫i),銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ鐞嗗堡鎳�(y墨ng)纰轰繚鐢辩稉(j墨ng)閬庨仼鐣�(d膩ng)鍩硅〒(x霉n)鐨勪汉鍝′娇鐢ㄩ仼鐣�(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑶偓(g猫)浜洪槻璀�(h霉)瑁濆倷鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌欒檿鐞嗗嵄闅�(xi菐n)寤㈡鐗�,銆�
涓嶅厑瑷辩⿳瀛樺瀮鍦惧拰瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ虎妫勭墿銆傚凡瑁濇豢鐨勫鍣ㄦ噳(y墨ng)瀹氭湡閬�(y霉n)璧�,銆傚湪鍘绘薄鏌撴垨鏈�绲傝檿缃箣鍓�,鎳�(y墨ng)瀛樻斁鍦ㄦ寚瀹氱殑瀹夊叏鍦版柟,閫氬父鍦ㄥ(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ崁(q奴)鍏�(n猫i),銆�
鎵�鏈夋缃殑瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╂ǎ鏈�佸煿椁�(y菐ng)鐗╁拰琚薄鏌撶殑寤㈡鐗╁湪寰炲(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹や腑鍙栬蛋涔嬪墠,鎳�(y墨ng)浣垮叾閬�(d谩)鍒扮敓鐗╁(xu茅)瀹夊叏,銆�
鐢熺墿瀛�(xu茅)瀹夊叏鍙�氶亷楂樺娑堟瘨铏曠悊鎴栧叾瀹冭鎵胯獚(r猫n)鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)閬�(d谩)鍒�,銆�
瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゅ虎妫勭墿鎳�(y墨ng)缃簬閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鎷胯妸棣囨洺缂嗏敜钀滈閭俯顐淺(y霉n)鍑哄(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ゃ��
鏈夊姘ｉ珨,銆佹埃婧惰啝,銆佹薄姘淬�佸虎娑叉噳(y墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)閬╃暥(d膩ng)?sh霉)鑷抩瀹冲寲铏曠悊鍚庢帓鏀�,鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勮姹�,銆�
鍕曠墿灏搁珨鍜岀祫绻旂殑铏曠疆鍜岀剼鍖栨噳(y墨ng)绗﹀悎鍦嬪鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勮姹�,銆�
[1] ISO15190:2003(E)閱�(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�—瀹夊叏瑕佹眰.
[2] WHO銆婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ墜鍐娿��[绗簩鐗�(淇▊鐗�),2003]
[3] 缇庡湅銆婂井鐢熺墿鍜岀敓鐗╅啱(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ寚鍗椼�嬶紙绗洓鐗堬紝1999锛�
[4] 鍔犳嬁澶с�婂(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╃敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄦ寚鍗椼�嬶紙绗笁鐗�,锛�2001锛�
[5] ISO15190:2003(E)閱�(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹�—璩�(zh矛)閲忓拰鑳藉姏鐨勫皥鐢ㄨ姹�
[6] WS233-2002寰敓鐗╁拰鐢熺墿閱�(y墨)瀛�(xu茅)瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)瀹ょ敓鐗╁畨鍏ㄩ�氱敤婧�(zh菙n)鍓�
[7] GB/T13554—1992楂樻晥绌烘埃閬庢烤鍣�
[8] GB 14925—2001瀵�(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)鍕曠墿 鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨強瑷�(sh猫)鏂�
[9] GWKB 2—1999 鍗遍毆(xi菐n)寤㈢墿鐒氱噿姹℃煋鎺у埗妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
[10] GB 8978—1996 姹℃按缍滃悎鎺掓斁妯�(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)
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